Sandwich Bay

Location:England, United Kingdom
Area:2,812 acres (1,138 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Website:View website
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

English Lowlands beech forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 AB
   
Share60 %20 %20 %70 %20 %10 %
Soil TypeCalcaric FluvisolsEutric FluvisolsCalcaric CambisolsCalcaric RegosolsEutric GleysolsCambic Arenosols
Topsoil TextureFineFineMediumCoarseCoarseCoarse
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm
DrainageVery poorVery poorModerately wellSomewhat excessivePoorSomewhat excessive
Available Water Capacity150 m150 m150 m100 m150 m100 m
Phase 1SalineSaline    
Root ObstacleNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm
Impermeable LayerNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm
Soil Water RegimeWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 monthWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 monthWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel4 %4 %6 %15 %10 %2 %
Sand14 %19 %36 %85 %78 %89 %
Silt39 %32 %43 %8 %13 %6 %
Clay47 %49 %21 %7 %9 %5 %
USDA TextureClayClayLoamLoamy sandSandy loamSand
Reference Bulk Density1.23 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.65 g/cm³1.6 g/cm³1.7 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.41 g/cm³1.27 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.36 g/cm³1.57 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.97 %1.19 %0.65 %0.49 %0.57 %0.5 %
PH86.287.96.36
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity51 cmol kg⁻¹38 cmol kg⁻¹52 cmol kg⁻¹111 cmol kg⁻¹48 cmol kg⁻¹40 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity28 cmol kg⁻¹24 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹5 cmol kg⁻¹6 cmol kg⁻¹3 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation100 %91 %100 %100 %74 %99 %
Total Exchangeable Bases22.3 cmol kg⁻¹22.7 cmol kg⁻¹24.3 cmol kg⁻¹4.2 cmol kg⁻¹4.7 cmol kg⁻¹2 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate13.3 %0 %7 %6 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium2 %1 %1 %4 %2 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.4 dS m-10.2 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel3 %3 %10 %14 %20 %1 %
Sand15 %21 %34 %84 %64 %89 %
Silt40 %32 %43 %9 %13 %6 %
Clay45 %47 %23 %7 %23 %5 %
USDA TextureClayClayLoamLoamy sandSandy clay loamSand
Reference Bulk Density1.24 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.65 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³1.7 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.46 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.45 g/cm³1.6 g/cm³1.55 g/cm³1.55 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.45 %0.55 %0.43 %0.4 %0.3 %0.3 %
PH7.96.88.186.45.9
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity51 cmol kg⁻¹41 cmol kg⁻¹54 cmol kg⁻¹102 cmol kg⁻¹38 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity21 cmol kg⁻¹20 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹5 cmol kg⁻¹10 cmol kg⁻¹2 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation100 %99 %100 %100 %81 %98 %
Total Exchangeable Bases20.9 cmol kg⁻¹18.2 cmol kg⁻¹28.7 cmol kg⁻¹4.2 cmol kg⁻¹6.9 cmol kg⁻¹1.4 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate19.2 %0.2 %8.7 %6 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0.2 %0 %0.4 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium3 %2 %1 %5 %3 %3 %
Electrical Conductivity1.9 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.3 dS m-10.3 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263