Cothill Fen

Location:England, United Kingdom
Area:108 acres (44 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Website:View website
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

English Lowlands beech forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 A
  
Share60 %20 %10 %5 %5 %
Soil TypeEutric CambisolsGleyic CambisolsEutric CambisolsRendzic LeptosolsCalcaric Regosols
Topsoil TextureMediumFineFineMediumMedium
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm30 cm100 cm
DrainageImperfectlyPoorModerately wellImperfectlyImperfectly
Available Water Capacity50 m100 m50 m50 mm50 m
Phase 1Lithic   Lithic
Root Obstacle20 - 40 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm 20 - 40 cm
Impermeable LayerNone to 150 cm40 - 80 cm0 - 40 cm None to 150 cm
Soil Water RegimeNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel9 %10 %10 %16 %14 %
Sand42 %19 %23 %37 %44 %
Silt36 %32 %29 %44 %35 %
Clay22 %49 %48 %19 %21 %
USDA TextureLoamClayClayLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.4 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³1.25 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.37 g/cm³1.31 g/cm³1.28 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³1.37 g/cm³
Organic Carbon1 %1.41 %1.17 %2.13 %0.75 %
PH6.65.66.77.58
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity55 cmol kg⁻¹25 cmol kg⁻¹50 cmol kg⁻¹80 cmol kg⁻¹45 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity16 cmol kg⁻¹20 cmol kg⁻¹27 cmol kg⁻¹27 cmol kg⁻¹17 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation93 %74 %89 %100 %100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases14 cmol kg⁻¹15.6 cmol kg⁻¹22.1 cmol kg⁻¹28.8 cmol kg⁻¹26.8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %0.1 %6 %15 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium2 %1 %1 %2 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.2 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel12 %24 %24 % 18 %
Sand41 %18 %26 % 40 %
Silt34 %31 %29 % 35 %
Clay25 %51 %45 % 25 %
USDA TextureLoamClayClay Loam
Reference Bulk Density1.38 g/cm³1.23 g/cm³1.26 g/cm³ 1.37 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.39 g/cm³1.36 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³ 1.5 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.37 %0.49 %0.58 % 0.47 %
PH75.77 8.1
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity55 cmol kg⁻¹31 cmol kg⁻¹51 cmol kg⁻¹ 52 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity15 cmol kg⁻¹21 cmol kg⁻¹25 cmol kg⁻¹ 15 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation93 %77 %97 % 100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases15.1 cmol kg⁻¹14.9 cmol kg⁻¹25.9 cmol kg⁻¹ 36.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0.1 %0 %0.3 % 15 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 % 0 %
Exchangeable Sodium2 %1 %1 % 2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1 0.3 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263