World Species : Protected Area : Wye Valley Woodlands/ Coetiroedd Dyffryn Gwy

Wye Valley Woodlands/ Coetiroedd Dyffryn Gwy

Location:	England/Wales, United Kingdom
Area:	2,264 acres (916 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Website:	View website
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

English Lowlands beech forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A				B						C				D

Share	50 %	25 %	20 %	5 %	40 %	25 %	15 %	10 %	5 %	5 %	50 %	20 %	15 %	15 %	50 %	15 %	10 %	10 %	10 %
Soil Type	Eutric Cambisols	Haplic Luvisols	Dystric Cambisols	Lithic Leptosols	Eutric Cambisols	Cambic Arenosols	Eutric Gleysols	Haplic Luvisols	Dystric Cambisols	Stagnic Luvisols	Dystric Cambisols	Dystric Cambisols	Eutric Cambisols	Gleyic Cambisols	Dystric Cambisols	Dystric Cambisols	Ferric Podzols	Dystric Gleysols	Umbric Leptosols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm
Drainage	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Well	Somewhat excessive	Poor	Moderately well	Well	Poor	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Poor	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Poor	Imperfectly
Available Water Capacity	15 m	50 m	50 m	15 mm	15 m	100 m	150 m	100 m	15 m	100 m	50 m	50 m	50 m	100 m	50 m	50 m	50 m	75 m	15 mm
Phase 1	Lithic	Lithic	Lithic		Gravelly				Gravelly		Lithic	Lithic	Lithic		Lithic	Lithic	Lithic	Lithic
Phase 2	Gravelly
Root Obstacle	60 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	60 - 80 cm		None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	0 - 40 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	9 %	4 %	10 %	21 %	10 %	2 %	10 %	4 %	10 %	4 %	10 %	10 %	9 %	4 %	10 %	10 %	15 %	2 %	6 %
Sand	42 %	41 %	42 %	42 %	77 %	89 %	78 %	82 %	75 %	80 %	42 %	42 %	42 %	45 %	42 %	42 %	45 %	40 %	49 %
Silt	36 %	37 %	38 %	34 %	14 %	6 %	13 %	8 %	15 %	10 %	38 %	38 %	36 %	36 %	38 %	38 %	52 %	39 %	31 %
Clay	22 %	22 %	20 %	24 %	9 %	5 %	9 %	10 %	10 %	10 %	20 %	20 %	22 %	19 %	20 %	20 %	3 %	21 %	20 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Sand	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Silt loam	Loam	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.58 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.37 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	0.96 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	1 %	0.74 %	1.45 %	1.61 %	0.7 %	0.5 %	0.57 %	0.4 %	0.7 %	0.55 %	1.45 %	1.45 %	1 %	1 %	1.45 %	1.45 %	4.6 %	1.17 %	2.4 %
PH	6.6	6.5	5.1	7.5	6.9	6	6.3	6.5	5.1	5.7	5.1	5.1	6.6	6.4	5.1	5.1	4.6	5.1	5.1
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	55 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	38 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	64 cmol kg⁻¹	25 cmol kg⁻¹	34 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	16 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	93 %	91 %	38 %	100 %	91 %	99 %	74 %	89 %	28 %	75 %	38 %	38 %	93 %	85 %	38 %	38 %	10 %	47 %	36 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	14 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	6.7 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	5.9 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	8.2 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	4.4 cmol kg⁻¹	5.5 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	1 %	2 %	3 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	5 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	4 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	12 %	3 %	19 %		20 %	1 %	20 %	6 %	9 %	5 %	19 %	19 %	12 %	18 %	19 %	19 %	17 %	6 %
Sand	41 %	37 %	45 %		67 %	89 %	64 %	75 %	68 %	65 %	45 %	45 %	41 %	39 %	45 %	45 %	51 %	41 %
Silt	34 %	34 %	35 %		16 %	6 %	13 %	8 %	17 %	13 %	35 %	35 %	34 %	34 %	35 %	35 %	45 %	34 %
Clay	25 %	29 %	20 %		17 %	5 %	23 %	17 %	15 %	22 %	20 %	20 %	25 %	27 %	20 %	20 %	4 %	25 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Clay loam	Loam		Sandy loam	Sand	Sandy clay loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Clay loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.38 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³		1.48 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.39 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³		1.5 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.29 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.37 %	0.36 %	0.5 %		0.4 %	0.3 %	0.3 %	0.24 %	0.27 %	0.26 %	0.5 %	0.5 %	0.37 %	0.47 %	0.5 %	0.5 %	0.81 %	0.4 %
PH	7	6.7	5.2		7.3	5.9	6.4	6.5	5	5.9	5.2	5.2	7	6.7	5.2	5.2	5.1	5.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	55 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹		48 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	38 cmol kg⁻¹	53 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	56 cmol kg⁻¹	29 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	15 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹		8 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	93 %	93 %	33 %		91 %	98 %	81 %	88 %	36 %	80 %	33 %	33 %	93 %	88 %	33 %	33 %	13 %	47 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	13.1 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹		9.3 cmol kg⁻¹	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹	6.9 cmol kg⁻¹	8.1 cmol kg⁻¹	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹	8.2 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	11.3 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	0.8 cmol kg⁻¹	6.1 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0.1 %	0 %	0 %		0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	1 %	2 %		2 %	3 %	3 %	1 %	5 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263