World Species : Protected Area : Volovské vrchy

Volovské vrchy

Location:	Slovakia
Area:	316,267 acres (127,989 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Dfb (Climate: snow; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Carpathian montane forests
Pannonian mixed forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A						B					C

Share	60 %	15 %	10 %	5 %	5 %	5 %	50 %	30 %	10 %	5 %	5 %	45 %	20 %	10 %	10 %	5 %	5 %	5 %
Soil Type	Rendzic Leptosols	Rendzic Leptosols	Lithic Leptosols	Eutric Cambisols	Chromic Luvisols	Rendzic Leptosols	Eutric Cambisols	Eutric Cambisols	Eutric Planosols	Rendzic Leptosols	Dystric Fluvisols	Dystric Cambisols	Dystric Cambisols	Dystric Cambisols	Umbric Leptosols	Ferric Podzols	Rendzic Leptosols	Chromic Cambisols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Medium
Reference Depth	30 cm	30 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Poor	Imperfectly	Poor	Moderately well	Well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Somewhat excessive	Imperfectly	Moderately well
Available Water Capacity	15 mm	15 mm	15 mm	50 m	100 m	15 mm	50 m	50 m	100 m	15 mm	150 m	100 m	50 m	100 m	15 mm	50 m	15 mm	100 m
Phase 1	Stony	Stony		Gravelly		Stony	Gravelly	Gravelly		Stony		Stony	Stony	Stony	Stony	Stony	Stony	Stony
Root Obstacle				None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm		None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm		0 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm		40 - 60 cm		None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer				None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm		40 - 80 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime				Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	16 %	16 %	21 %	9 %	12 %	16 %	9 %	9 %	4 %	16 %	4 %	10 %	10 %	10 %	10 %	3 %	16 %	10 %
Sand	37 %	37 %	42 %	42 %	48 %	37 %	42 %	42 %	42 %	37 %	47 %	42 %	75 %	42 %	79 %	86 %	37 %	49 %
Silt	44 %	44 %	34 %	36 %	28 %	44 %	36 %	36 %	38 %	44 %	33 %	38 %	15 %	38 %	13 %	8 %	44 %	28 %
Clay	19 %	19 %	24 %	22 %	24 %	19 %	22 %	22 %	20 %	19 %	20 %	20 %	10 %	20 %	8 %	6 %	19 %	23 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Loamy sand	Loamy sand	Loam	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.58 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.62 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.24 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.47 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	2.13 %	2.13 %	1.61 %	1 %	0.83 %	2.13 %	1 %	1 %	1.06 %	2.13 %	1.05 %	1.45 %	0.7 %	1.45 %	2.59 %	2.02 %	2.13 %	0.98 %
PH	7.5	7.5	7.5	6.6	6.3	7.5	6.6	6.6	5.6	7.5	4.8	5.1	5.1	5.1	4.7	4.5	7.5	6.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	80 cmol kg⁻¹	80 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	80 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹	80 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	24 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	80 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	27 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	100 %	100 %	93 %	88 %	100 %	93 %	93 %	67 %	100 %	36 %	38 %	28 %	38 %	86 %	17 %	100 %	83 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	28.8 cmol kg⁻¹	28.8 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	28.8 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	8.4 cmol kg⁻¹	28.8 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	28.8 cmol kg⁻¹	11.6 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	6 %	6 %	3.9 %	0 %	0 %	6 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	6 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	6 %	0.1 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	2 %	3 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	3 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	5 %	2 %	0 %	0 %	2 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel				12 %	8 %		12 %	12 %	4 %		8 %	19 %	9 %	19 %		3 %		9 %
Sand				41 %	41 %		41 %	41 %	33 %		51 %	45 %	68 %	45 %		86 %		47 %
Silt				34 %	25 %		34 %	34 %	31 %		29 %	35 %	17 %	35 %		6 %		26 %
Clay				25 %	34 %		25 %	25 %	36 %		20 %	20 %	15 %	20 %		8 %		27 %
USDA Texture				Loam	Clay loam		Loam	Loam	Clay loam		Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Loam		Loamy sand		Sandy clay loam
Reference Bulk Density				1.38 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³		1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³		1.43 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³		1.63 g/cm³		1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density				1.39 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³		1.39 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³		1.39 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³		1.57 g/cm³		1.44 g/cm³
Organic Carbon				0.37 %	0.4 %		0.37 %	0.37 %	0.43 %		0.41 %	0.5 %	0.27 %	0.5 %		0.51 %		0.47 %
PH				7	6.4		7	7	6.3		4.9	5.2	5	5.2		5.1		6.7
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity				55 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹		55 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹		20 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹		50 cmol kg⁻¹		44 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity				15 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹		15 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹		7 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹		2 cmol kg⁻¹		15 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation				93 %	90 %		93 %	93 %	89 %		29 %	33 %	36 %	33 %		21 %		92 %
Total Exchangeable Bases				15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹		15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	15.2 cmol kg⁻¹		2 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹		1.5 cmol kg⁻¹		11.9 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate				0.1 %	0 %		0.1 %	0.1 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %		0.1 %
Calcium Sulphate				0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %		0 %
Exchangeable Sodium				2 %	1 %		2 %	2 %	4 %		2 %	2 %	5 %	2 %		0 %		1 %
Electrical Conductivity				0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263