Dundern

Location:Sweden
Area:369 acres (150 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Dfc (Climate: snow; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: cool summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Scandinavian and Russian taiga

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 A
  
Share34 %20 %20 %15 %8 %3 %
Soil TypeHaplic PodzolsCarbic PodzolsFibric HistosolsHaplic ArenosolsLithic LeptosolsDystric Regosols
Topsoil TextureCoarseCoarseFineCoarseMediumMedium
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm10 cm100 cm
DrainageSomewhat excessiveSomewhat excessiveVery poorSomewhat excessiveImperfectlyModerately well
Available Water Capacity15 m15 m150 m15 m15 mm100 m
Phase 1StonyStony GravellyStonyStony
Phase 2GravellyGravelly    
Root Obstacle40 - 60 cm40 - 60 cm20 - 40 cmNone to 80 cm 40 - 60 cm
Impermeable LayerNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm None to 150 cm
Soil Water RegimeNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 40 cm depth for over 11 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel3 %3 %1 %4 %21 %19 %
Sand87 %90 %20 %90 %42 %42 %
Silt9 %7 %40 %5 %34 %37 %
Clay4 %3 %40 %5 %24 %21 %
USDA TextureLoamy sandSandClaySandLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.73 g/cm³1.78 g/cm³1.26 g/cm³1.71 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.4 g/cm³1.45 g/cm³0.1 g/cm³1.49 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.33 g/cm³
Organic Carbon2.18 %1.65 %33.63 %0.4 %1.61 %1.39 %
PH4.44.44.36.27.55.1
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity101 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹45 cmol kg⁻¹35 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹23 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity9 cmol kg⁻¹4 cmol kg⁻¹77 cmol kg⁻¹3 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation11 %36 %62 %93 %100 %24 %
Total Exchangeable Bases2.6 cmol kg⁻¹2.5 cmol kg⁻¹31.4 cmol kg⁻¹3.3 cmol kg⁻¹15.5 cmol kg⁻¹3 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %0 %0 %3.9 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %1 %2 %3 %3 %1 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel4 %3 %2 %4 % 26 %
Sand88 %90 %47 %90 % 46 %
Silt8 %6 %26 %5 % 34 %
Clay4 %4 %27 %5 % 20 %
USDA TextureSandSandSandy clay loamSand Loam
Reference Bulk Density1.74 g/cm³1.74 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.71 g/cm³ 1.42 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.51 g/cm³1.59 g/cm³0.1 g/cm³1.52 g/cm³ 1.48 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.39 %0.58 %32.89 %0.21 % 0.6 %
PH54.84.66.1 4.9
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity66 cmol kg⁻¹33 cmol kg⁻¹71 cmol kg⁻¹39 cmol kg⁻¹ 28 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity2 cmol kg⁻¹2 cmol kg⁻¹78 cmol kg⁻¹2 cmol kg⁻¹ 6 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation21 %21 %40 %100 % 21 %
Total Exchangeable Bases1.5 cmol kg⁻¹1.5 cmol kg⁻¹27.4 cmol kg⁻¹2.6 cmol kg⁻¹ 1.8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %0 %0 % 0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 % 0 %
Exchangeable Sodium3 %0 %1 %3 % 1 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1 0.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263