World Species : Protected Area : Changshanerhai Nature Reserve

Changshanerhai Nature Reserve

Location:	Yunnan, China
IUCN Category:	V
Area:	139,448 acres (56,433 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Cwb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: winter dry; Temperature: warm summer)

Ecoregions

Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K

Soil Type	Ferric Lixisols	Cumulic Anthrosols	Cumulic Anthrosols	Cumulic Anthrosols	Haplic Acrisols	Chromic Cambisols	Chromic Cambisols	Chromic Cambisols	Haplic Luvisols	Haplic Luvisols	Haplic Luvisols
Topsoil Texture	Fine	Medium	Medium	Medium	Fine	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well
Available Water Capacity	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m
Phase 1		Anthraquic	Anthraquic	Anthraquic
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	1 %	10 %	10 %	10 %	4 %	10 %	10 %	10 %	4 %	4 %	4 %
Sand	23 %	29 %	29 %	29 %	27 %	49 %	49 %	49 %	41 %	41 %	41 %
Silt	30 %	50 %	50 %	50 %	25 %	28 %	28 %	28 %	37 %	37 %	37 %
Clay	47 %	21 %	21 %	21 %	48 %	23 %	23 %	23 %	22 %	22 %	22 %
USDA Texture	Clay	Silt loam	Silt loam	Silt loam	Clay	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.25 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.34 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	1.38 %	1.12 %	1.12 %	1.12 %	1.24 %	0.98 %	0.98 %	0.98 %	0.74 %	0.74 %	0.74 %
PH	6.6	7.8	7.8	7.8	4.8	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.5	6.5	6.5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	17 cmol kg⁻¹	34 cmol kg⁻¹	34 cmol kg⁻¹	34 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	15 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	79 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	39 %	83 %	83 %	83 %	91 %	91 %	91 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	10.6 cmol kg⁻¹	24.1 cmol kg⁻¹	24.1 cmol kg⁻¹	24.1 cmol kg⁻¹	5.4 cmol kg⁻¹	11.6 cmol kg⁻¹	11.6 cmol kg⁻¹	11.6 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	9.3 %	9.3 %	9.3 %	0 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	13 %	10 %	10 %	10 %	6 %	9 %	9 %	9 %	3 %	3 %	3 %
Sand	22 %	34 %	34 %	34 %	22 %	47 %	47 %	47 %	37 %	37 %	37 %
Silt	23 %	45 %	45 %	45 %	22 %	26 %	26 %	26 %	34 %	34 %	34 %
Clay	55 %	21 %	21 %	21 %	56 %	27 %	27 %	27 %	29 %	29 %	29 %
USDA Texture	Clay	Loam	Loam	Loam	Clay	Sandy clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.23 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.22 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.38 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.51 %	0.82 %	0.82 %	0.82 %	0.45 %	0.47 %	0.47 %	0.47 %	0.36 %	0.36 %	0.36 %
PH	6.3	7.9	7.9	7.9	5	6.7	6.7	6.7	6.7	6.7	6.7
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	15 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	9 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	74 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	30 %	92 %	92 %	92 %	93 %	93 %	93 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	8.5 cmol kg⁻¹	32.9 cmol kg⁻¹	32.9 cmol kg⁻¹	32.9 cmol kg⁻¹	4.2 cmol kg⁻¹	11.9 cmol kg⁻¹	11.9 cmol kg⁻¹	11.9 cmol kg⁻¹	13.1 cmol kg⁻¹	13.1 cmol kg⁻¹	13.1 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	9.4 %	9.4 %	9.4 %	0 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	0 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263