Stora Envättern

Location:Sweden
Area:369 acres (149 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Dfb (Climate: snow; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Sarmatic mixed forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 A
  
Share42 %16 %13 %12 %10 %7 %
Soil TypeDystric CambisolsHaplic ArenosolsLithic LeptosolsDystric RegosolsHaplic PodzolsFibric Histosols
Topsoil TextureMediumCoarseMediumMediumMediumFine
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm10 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm
DrainageModerately wellSomewhat excessiveImperfectlyModerately wellModerately wellVery poor
Available Water Capacity150 m15 m15 mm100 m50 m150 m
Phase 1 GravellyStonyStonyStony 
Phase 2    Gravelly 
Root ObstacleNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm 40 - 60 cm40 - 60 cm20 - 40 cm
Impermeable LayerNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm None to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm
Soil Water RegimeNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel10 %4 %21 %19 %15 %1 %
Sand42 %90 %42 %42 %50 %20 %
Silt38 %5 %34 %37 %40 %40 %
Clay20 %5 %24 %21 %10 %40 %
USDA TextureLoamSandLoamLoamLoamClay
Reference Bulk Density1.41 g/cm³1.71 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.53 g/cm³1.26 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.3 g/cm³1.49 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.33 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³0.1 g/cm³
Organic Carbon1.45 %0.4 %1.61 %1.39 %5.27 %33.63 %
PH5.16.27.55.14.54.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity32 cmol kg⁻¹35 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹23 cmol kg⁻¹89 cmol kg⁻¹45 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity12 cmol kg⁻¹3 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹28 cmol kg⁻¹77 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation38 %93 %100 %24 %11 %62 %
Total Exchangeable Bases4.3 cmol kg⁻¹3.3 cmol kg⁻¹15.5 cmol kg⁻¹3 cmol kg⁻¹5.6 cmol kg⁻¹31.4 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %3.9 %0 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium2 %3 %3 %1 %1 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel19 %4 % 26 %15 %2 %
Sand45 %90 % 46 %55 %47 %
Silt35 %5 % 34 %35 %26 %
Clay20 %5 % 20 %10 %27 %
USDA TextureLoamSand LoamSandy loamSandy clay loam
Reference Bulk Density1.42 g/cm³1.71 g/cm³ 1.42 g/cm³1.54 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.36 g/cm³1.52 g/cm³ 1.48 g/cm³1.44 g/cm³0.1 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.5 %0.21 % 0.6 %0.81 %32.89 %
PH5.26.1 4.954.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity35 cmol kg⁻¹39 cmol kg⁻¹ 28 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹71 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity9 cmol kg⁻¹2 cmol kg⁻¹ 6 cmol kg⁻¹8 cmol kg⁻¹78 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation33 %100 % 21 %13 %40 %
Total Exchangeable Bases2.6 cmol kg⁻¹2.6 cmol kg⁻¹ 1.8 cmol kg⁻¹0.8 cmol kg⁻¹27.4 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 % 0 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 % 0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium2 %3 % 1 %0 %1 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1 0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263