Sapais de Castro Marim

Location:Portugal
Area:5,304 acres (2,147 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Csa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: hot summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 ABC
    
Share90 %10 %35 %20 %15 %15 %5 %5 %80 %20 %
Soil TypeGleyic SolonchaksGypsic SolonchaksEutric RegosolsEutric CambisolsDystric RegosolsLithic LeptosolsHaplic LuvisolsHaplic AcrisolsGleyic SolonchaksThionic Fluvisols
Topsoil TextureFineFineMediumMediumMediumMediumMediumCoarseFineFine
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm10 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm
DrainagePoorModerately wellModerately wellModerately wellModerately wellImperfectlyModerately wellModerately wellPoorVery poor
Available Water Capacity150 m150 m150 m150 m150 m15 mm150 m50 m150 m150 m
Phase 1SalineSaline      SodicSaline
Phase 2         Sodic
Root ObstacleNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm40 - 60 cm60 - 80 cm40 - 60 cm 40 - 60 cm20 - 40 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm
Impermeable LayerNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm    None to 150 cm0 - 40 cm None to 150 cm
Soil Water RegimeWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 40 cm depth for over 11 monthWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel4 %4 %25 %9 %19 %21 %4 %4 %4 %4 %
Sand22 %6 %47 %42 %42 %42 %41 %81 %22 %8 %
Silt26 %40 %34 %36 %37 %34 %37 %9 %26 %34 %
Clay52 %54 %19 %22 %21 %24 %22 %10 %52 %58 %
USDA TextureClayClayLoamLoamLoamLoamLoamSandy loamClayClay
Reference Bulk Density1.23 g/cm³1.2 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.59 g/cm³1.23 g/cm³1.19 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.23 g/cm³1.23 g/cm³1.21 g/cm³1.37 g/cm³1.33 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³1.44 g/cm³1.23 g/cm³1.01 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.53 %0.54 %0.98 %1 %1.39 %1.61 %0.74 %0.5 %0.53 %2.27 %
PH8.87.76.46.65.17.56.55.58.85
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity39 cmol kg⁻¹48 cmol kg⁻¹40 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹23 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹47 cmol kg⁻¹19 cmol kg⁻¹39 cmol kg⁻¹23 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity29 cmol kg⁻¹31 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹3 cmol kg⁻¹29 cmol kg⁻¹26 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation100 %100 %78 %93 %24 %100 %91 %72 %100 %80 %
Total Exchangeable Bases46.5 cmol kg⁻¹46.5 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹3 cmol kg⁻¹15.5 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹3.6 cmol kg⁻¹46.5 cmol kg⁻¹12.8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate9 %3 %0 %0 %0 %3.9 %0 %0 %9 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0.4 %0.4 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0.4 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium45 %43 %1 %2 %1 %3 %1 %3 %45 %17 %
Electrical Conductivity12.7 dS m-15.9 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-112.7 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel6 %6 %28 %12 %26 % 3 %6 %6 %3 %
Sand24 %5 %51 %41 %46 % 37 %67 %24 %11 %
Silt23 %46 %31 %34 %34 % 34 %10 %23 %32 %
Clay53 %49 %18 %25 %20 % 29 %23 %53 %57 %
USDA TextureClaySilty clayLoamLoamLoam Clay loamSandy clay loamClayClay
Reference Bulk Density1.23 g/cm³1.21 g/cm³1.44 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.42 g/cm³ 1.35 g/cm³1.44 g/cm³1.23 g/cm³1.2 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.31 g/cm³1.31 g/cm³1.45 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.48 g/cm³ 1.51 g/cm³1.5 g/cm³1.31 g/cm³0.99 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.38 %0.38 %0.4 %0.37 %0.6 % 0.36 %0.3 %0.38 %2.5 %
PH8.87.66.974.9 6.75.28.84.2
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity48 cmol kg⁻¹50 cmol kg⁻¹56 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹28 cmol kg⁻¹ 50 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹48 cmol kg⁻¹25 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity29 cmol kg⁻¹31 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹6 cmol kg⁻¹ 14 cmol kg⁻¹3 cmol kg⁻¹29 cmol kg⁻¹26 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation100 %100 %89 %93 %21 % 93 %42 %100 %78 %
Total Exchangeable Bases55.3 cmol kg⁻¹55.3 cmol kg⁻¹10.3 cmol kg⁻¹15.1 cmol kg⁻¹1.8 cmol kg⁻¹ 13.1 cmol kg⁻¹2.4 cmol kg⁻¹55.3 cmol kg⁻¹17.9 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate9 %3 %0 %0.1 %0 % 0 %0 %9 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0.5 %0.5 %0 %0 %0 % 0 %0 %0.5 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium42 %42 %2 %2 %1 % 1 %3 %42 %15 %
Electrical Conductivity21.5 dS m-114.8 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1 0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-121.5 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263