World Species : Protected Area : Serra da Malcata

Serra da Malcata

Location:	Portugal
Area:	40,396 acres (16,348 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Csa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: hot summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Northwest Iberian montane forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A							B			C

Share	40 %	20 %	10 %	10 %	5 %	5 %	5 %	40 %	30 %	10 %	60 %	10 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %
Soil Type	Dystric Regosols	Umbric Leptosols	Dystric Cambisols	Lithic Leptosols	Eutric Cambisols	Haplic Luvisols	Haplic Acrisols	Humic Cambisols	Dystric Cambisols	Umbric Leptosols	Humic Cambisols	Lithic Leptosols	Umbric Leptosols	Dystric Fluvisols	Dystric Cambisols	Haplic Luvisols	Chromic Luvisols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	10 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Poor	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Imperfectly
Available Water Capacity	150 m	15 mm	150 m	15 mm	150 m	150 m	50 m	15 m	15 m	15 mm	50 m	0 mm	15 mm	150 m	15 m	15 m	15 m
Phase 1								Lithic	Lithic	Stony	Lithic	Gravelly	Stony		Lithic	Lithic	Lithic
Phase 2												Stony				Gravelly	Gravelly
Root Obstacle	40 - 60 cm		60 - 80 cm		60 - 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	20 - 40 cm	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm		60 - 80 cm			None to 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	40 - 60 cm
Impermeable Layer						None to 150 cm	0 - 40 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm			None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month			Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month			Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	19 %	6 %	10 %	21 %	9 %	4 %	4 %	5 %	10 %	10 %	8 %	21 %	10 %	4 %	10 %	4 %	12 %
Sand	42 %	49 %	42 %	42 %	42 %	41 %	81 %	74 %	75 %	79 %	41 %	42 %	79 %	47 %	75 %	41 %	48 %
Silt	37 %	31 %	38 %	34 %	36 %	37 %	9 %	14 %	15 %	13 %	36 %	34 %	13 %	33 %	15 %	37 %	28 %
Clay	21 %	20 %	20 %	24 %	22 %	22 %	10 %	12 %	10 %	8 %	23 %	24 %	8 %	20 %	10 %	22 %	24 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Loam	Loam	Loamy sand	Loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.58 g/cm³	1.62 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.62 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.58 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.33 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.16 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	1.39 %	2.4 %	1.45 %	1.61 %	1 %	0.74 %	0.5 %	1.58 %	0.7 %	2.59 %	2.72 %	1.61 %	2.59 %	1.05 %	0.7 %	0.74 %	0.83 %
PH	5.1	5.1	5.1	7.5	6.6	6.5	5.5	5.3	5.1	4.7	5.3	7.5	4.7	4.8	5.1	6.5	6.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	23 cmol kg⁻¹	34 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	24 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	24 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	11 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	24 %	36 %	38 %	100 %	93 %	91 %	72 %	42 %	28 %	86 %	25 %	100 %	86 %	36 %	28 %	91 %	88 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	3 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	3.6 cmol kg⁻¹	6.1 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	5.4 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	4 %	2 %	3 %	2 %	1 %	3 %	3 %	5 %	0 %	1 %	3 %	0 %	2 %	5 %	1 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	26 %		19 %		12 %	3 %	6 %	9 %	9 %		6 %			8 %	9 %	3 %	8 %
Sand	46 %		45 %		41 %	37 %	67 %	72 %	68 %		44 %			51 %	68 %	37 %	41 %
Silt	34 %		35 %		34 %	34 %	10 %	12 %	17 %		32 %			29 %	17 %	34 %	25 %
Clay	20 %		20 %		25 %	29 %	23 %	16 %	15 %		24 %			20 %	15 %	29 %	34 %
USDA Texture	Loam		Loam		Loam	Clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam		Loam			Loam	Sandy loam	Clay loam	Clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.42 g/cm³		1.42 g/cm³		1.38 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³		1.39 g/cm³			1.43 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.48 g/cm³		1.36 g/cm³		1.39 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³		1.16 g/cm³			1.39 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.6 %		0.5 %		0.37 %	0.36 %	0.3 %	0.76 %	0.27 %		1.07 %			0.41 %	0.27 %	0.36 %	0.4 %
PH	4.9		5.2		7	6.7	5.2	6.2	5		5.3			4.9	5	6.7	6.4
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	28 cmol kg⁻¹		35 cmol kg⁻¹		55 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	79 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹		37 cmol kg⁻¹			20 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	6 cmol kg⁻¹		9 cmol kg⁻¹		15 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹		14 cmol kg⁻¹			7 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	21 %		33 %		93 %	93 %	42 %	51 %	36 %		30 %			29 %	36 %	93 %	90 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	1.8 cmol kg⁻¹		2.6 cmol kg⁻¹		15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	13.1 cmol kg⁻¹	2.4 cmol kg⁻¹	3.9 cmol kg⁻¹	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹		2.5 cmol kg⁻¹			2 cmol kg⁻¹	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹	13.1 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %		0 %		0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %			0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %		0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %			0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %		2 %		2 %	1 %	3 %	0 %	5 %		2 %			2 %	5 %	1 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1			0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263