World Species : Protected Area : Puszcza Bieniszewska

Puszcza Bieniszewska

Location:	Poland
Area:	2,357 acres (954 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Central European mixed forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A						B

Share	40 %	20 %	15 %	10 %	10 %	5 %	45 %	25 %	20 %	5 %	5 %
Soil Type	Haplic Arenosols	Calcaric Cambisols	Eutric Cambisols	Cambic Podzols	Eutric Cambisols	Terric Histosols	Haplic Luvisols	Cambic Arenosols	Gleyic Luvisols	Cambic Podzols	Umbric Gleysols
Topsoil Texture	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Fine	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Somewhat excessive	Moderately well	Moderately well	Somewhat excessive	Moderately well	Very poor	Moderately well	Somewhat excessive	Poor	Somewhat excessive	Poor
Available Water Capacity	100 m	50 m	150 m	100 m	100 m	150 m	150 m	100 m	150 m	100 m	150 m
Phase 1		Concretionary			Phreatic	Phreatic					Phreatic
Root Obstacle	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	40 - 80 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	80 - 150 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	4 %	6 %	9 %	3 %	10 %	28 %	4 %	2 %	4 %	3 %	4 %
Sand	90 %	36 %	42 %	85 %	23 %	35 %	82 %	89 %	80 %	85 %	38 %
Silt	5 %	43 %	36 %	10 %	29 %	33 %	8 %	6 %	11 %	10 %	42 %
Clay	5 %	21 %	22 %	5 %	48 %	32 %	10 %	5 %	9 %	5 %	20 %
USDA Texture	Sand	Loam	Loam	Loamy sand	Clay	Clay loam	Loamy sand	Sand	Loamy sand	Loamy sand	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.71 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.49 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	0.28 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.4 %	0.65 %	1 %	2.02 %	1.17 %	39.4 %	0.4 %	0.5 %	0.63 %	2.02 %	4.59 %
PH	6.2	8	6.6	4.3	6.7	5.6	6.5	6	6.5	4.3	5.2
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	35 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	54 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	34 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	3 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	87 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	93 %	100 %	93 %	17 %	89 %	75 %	89 %	99 %	83 %	17 %	82 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	3.3 cmol kg⁻¹	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	22.1 cmol kg⁻¹	59.5 cmol kg⁻¹	5.9 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	6.1 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	1.8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	7 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	3 %	1 %	2 %	0 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	0 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	4 %	10 %	12 %	3 %	24 %	5 %	6 %	1 %	5 %	3 %	5 %
Sand	90 %	34 %	41 %	86 %	26 %	52 %	75 %	89 %	68 %	86 %	38 %
Silt	5 %	43 %	34 %	10 %	29 %	23 %	8 %	6 %	10 %	10 %	32 %
Clay	5 %	23 %	25 %	4 %	45 %	25 %	17 %	5 %	22 %	4 %	30 %
USDA Texture	Sand	Loam	Loam	Loamy sand	Clay	Sandy clay loam	Sandy loam	Sand	Sandy clay loam	Loamy sand	Clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.71 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³	1.34 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.52 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	0.18 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.21 %	0.43 %	0.37 %	0.51 %	0.58 %	38.46 %	0.24 %	0.3 %	0.3 %	0.51 %	0.67 %
PH	6.1	8.1	7	4.8	7	5.8	6.5	5.9	6.4	4.8	5.2
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	39 cmol kg⁻¹	54 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	51 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	53 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	43 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	38 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	2 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	25 cmol kg⁻¹	88 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	100 %	93 %	21 %	97 %	96 %	88 %	98 %	80 %	21 %	86 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	28.7 cmol kg⁻¹	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	25.9 cmol kg⁻¹	81.8 cmol kg⁻¹	8.1 cmol kg⁻¹	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹	5.9 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	8.7 %	0.1 %	0 %	0.3 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0.4 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	3 %	1 %	2 %	0 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	3 %	1 %	0 %	4 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263