World Species : Protected Area : Dolina Zwolenki

Dolina Zwolenki

Location:	Poland
Area:	5,879 acres (2,379 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Central European mixed forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A						B

Share	45 %	20 %	15 %	10 %	5 %	5 %	55 %	20 %	10 %	5 %	5 %	5 %
Soil Type	Cambic Arenosols	Cambic Podzols	Stagnic Luvisols	Umbric Gleysols	Eutric Gleysols	Eutric Fluvisols	Stagnic Luvisols	Cambic Arenosols	Eutric Gleysols	Cambic Podzols	Umbric Gleysols	Eutric Fluvisols
Topsoil Texture	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Fine	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Fine	Coarse	Coarse	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Somewhat excessive	Somewhat excessive	Poor	Very poor	Poor	Poor	Poor	Somewhat excessive	Very poor	Somewhat excessive	Poor	Poor
Available Water Capacity	100 m	100 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	100 m	75 m	100 m	150 m	150 m
Phase 1				Phreatic	Phreatic	Phreatic			Phreatic		Phreatic	Phreatic
Root Obstacle	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	80 - 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	40 - 80 cm	None to 150 cm	80 - 150 cm	None to 150 cm	0 - 40 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	80 - 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	2 %	3 %	4 %	1 %	4 %	18 %	4 %	2 %	1 %	3 %	10 %	4 %
Sand	89 %	85 %	80 %	17 %	37 %	80 %	37 %	89 %	17 %	85 %	86 %	39 %
Silt	6 %	10 %	10 %	29 %	40 %	12 %	44 %	6 %	32 %	10 %	9 %	40 %
Clay	5 %	5 %	10 %	54 %	23 %	8 %	19 %	5 %	51 %	5 %	5 %	21 %
USDA Texture	Sand	Loamy sand	Loamy sand	Clay	Loam	Loamy sand	Loam	Sand	Clay	Loamy sand	Loamy sand	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.7 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.22 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.62 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.22 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.57 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.27 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.5 %	2.02 %	0.55 %	4.54 %	1.07 %	0.58 %	0.99 %	0.5 %	1.25 %	2.02 %	0.7 %	0.86 %
PH	6	4.3	5.7	5	6.2	6.8	5.8	6	5.8	4.3	5.9	7.2
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	40 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	64 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	43 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	3 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	24 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	25 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	99 %	17 %	75 %	22 %	88 %	89 %	62 %	99 %	78 %	17 %	74 %	91 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	2 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	7.1 cmol kg⁻¹	10.2 cmol kg⁻¹	7.4 cmol kg⁻¹	8.4 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	18.9 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	4.9 cmol kg⁻¹	16.9 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.5 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	0 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	3 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	0 %	0 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	1 %	3 %	5 %	1 %	5 %	10 %	4 %	1 %	1 %	3 %	8 %	7 %
Sand	89 %	86 %	65 %	22 %	36 %	79 %	31 %	89 %	19 %	86 %	82 %	41 %
Silt	6 %	10 %	13 %	25 %	36 %	11 %	38 %	6 %	29 %	10 %	11 %	38 %
Clay	5 %	4 %	22 %	53 %	28 %	10 %	31 %	5 %	52 %	4 %	7 %	21 %
USDA Texture	Sand	Loamy sand	Sandy clay loam	Clay	Clay loam	Sandy loam	Clay loam	Sand	Clay	Loamy sand	Loamy sand	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.7 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³	1.64 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.55 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.3 %	0.51 %	0.26 %	1.23 %	0.37 %	0.24 %	0.29 %	0.3 %	0.45 %	0.51 %	0.3 %	0.38 %
PH	5.9	4.8	5.9	5	6.6	6.9	5.9	5.9	6	4.8	6.2	7.5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	42 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	57 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	38 cmol kg⁻¹	61 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	2 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	98 %	21 %	80 %	27 %	90 %	93 %	83 %	98 %	84 %	21 %	81 %	96 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	8.2 cmol kg⁻¹	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	11.9 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	10.2 cmol kg⁻¹	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	15.2 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	2.5 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	3 %	0 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	3 %	3 %	0 %	0 %	3 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263