World Species : Protected Area : Male Pieniny

Male Pieniny

Location:	Poland
Area:	4,635 acres (1,876 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Dfb (Climate: snow; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Carpathian montane forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A					B					C

Share	50 %	30 %	10 %	5 %	5 %	50 %	30 %	10 %	5 %	5 %	45 %	35 %	10 %	5 %	5 %
Soil Type	Calcaric Cambisols	Eutric Cambisols	Eutric Gleysols	Eutric Fluvisols	Rendzic Leptosols	Eutric Cambisols	Eutric Cambisols	Eutric Planosols	Rendzic Leptosols	Dystric Fluvisols	Umbric Leptosols	Dystric Cambisols	Dystric Cambisols	Lithic Leptosols	Dystric Fluvisols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Fine	Fine	Medium	Fine	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Moderately well	Very poor	Poor	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Poor	Imperfectly	Poor	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Poor
Available Water Capacity	50 m	50 m	150 m	150 m	15 mm	50 m	50 m	100 m	15 mm	150 m	15 mm	150 m	150 m	15 mm	150 m
Phase 1	Gravelly	Gravelly	Phreatic	Phreatic	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly		Stony
Phase 2	Erosion	Erosion
Root Obstacle	0 - 80 cm	0 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	0 - 80 cm		None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm		0 - 80 cm		20 - 40 cm	20 - 40 cm		0 - 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	80 - 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm		40 - 80 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	6 %	10 %	1 %	4 %	20 %	9 %	9 %	4 %	16 %	4 %	6 %	10 %	10 %	21 %	4 %
Sand	36 %	23 %	17 %	39 %	19 %	42 %	42 %	42 %	37 %	47 %	49 %	42 %	42 %	73 %	47 %
Silt	43 %	29 %	32 %	40 %	37 %	36 %	36 %	38 %	44 %	33 %	31 %	38 %	38 %	18 %	33 %
Clay	21 %	48 %	51 %	21 %	44 %	22 %	22 %	20 %	19 %	20 %	20 %	20 %	20 %	9 %	20 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Clay	Clay	Loam	Clay	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.39 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³	1.22 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.47 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.65 %	1.17 %	1.25 %	0.86 %	2.1 %	1 %	1 %	1.06 %	2.13 %	1.05 %	2.4 %	1.45 %	1.45 %	1.4 %	1.05 %
PH	8	6.7	5.8	7.2	7.7	6.6	6.6	5.6	7.5	4.8	5.1	5.1	5.1	7.5	4.8
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	52 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	51 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹	80 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	34 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	85 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	16 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	25 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	33 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	89 %	78 %	91 %	100 %	93 %	93 %	67 %	100 %	36 %	36 %	38 %	38 %	86 %	36 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	22.1 cmol kg⁻¹	18.9 cmol kg⁻¹	16.9 cmol kg⁻¹	34.5 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	8.4 cmol kg⁻¹	28.8 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	7 %	0.1 %	0 %	0.5 %	15 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	6 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	3 %	2 %	2 %	4 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	10 %	24 %	1 %	7 %		12 %	12 %	4 %		8 %		19 %	19 %		8 %
Sand	34 %	26 %	19 %	41 %		41 %	41 %	33 %		51 %		45 %	45 %		51 %
Silt	43 %	29 %	29 %	38 %		34 %	34 %	31 %		29 %		35 %	35 %		29 %
Clay	23 %	45 %	52 %	21 %		25 %	25 %	36 %		20 %		20 %	20 %		20 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Clay	Clay	Loam		Loam	Loam	Clay loam		Loam		Loam	Loam		Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.38 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³		1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³		1.43 g/cm³		1.42 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³		1.43 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.45 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³		1.39 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³		1.39 g/cm³		1.36 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³		1.39 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.43 %	0.58 %	0.45 %	0.38 %		0.37 %	0.37 %	0.43 %		0.41 %		0.5 %	0.5 %		0.41 %
PH	8.1	7	6	7.5		7	7	6.3		4.9		5.2	5.2		4.9
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	54 cmol kg⁻¹	51 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	61 cmol kg⁻¹		55 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹		20 cmol kg⁻¹		35 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹		20 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	16 cmol kg⁻¹	25 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹		15 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹		7 cmol kg⁻¹		9 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹		7 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	97 %	84 %	96 %		93 %	93 %	89 %		29 %		33 %	33 %		29 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	28.7 cmol kg⁻¹	25.9 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	15.2 cmol kg⁻¹		15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	15.2 cmol kg⁻¹		2 cmol kg⁻¹		2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹		2 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	8.7 %	0.3 %	0 %	2.5 %		0.1 %	0.1 %	0 %		0 %		0 %	0 %		0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0.4 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %		0 %	0 %		0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	1 %	3 %	3 %		2 %	2 %	4 %		2 %		2 %	2 %		2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263