Piekielna Dolina kolo Polanicy

Location:Poland
Area:352 acres (143 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Dfb (Climate: snow; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Western European broadleaf forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 A
  
Share50 %30 %10 %5 %5 %
Soil TypeCalcaric CambisolsEutric CambisolsEutric GleysolsEutric FluvisolsRendzic Leptosols
Topsoil TextureMediumFineFineMediumFine
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm30 cm
DrainageModerately wellModerately wellVery poorPoorImperfectly
Available Water Capacity50 m50 m150 m150 m15 mm
Phase 1GravellyGravellyPhreaticPhreaticGravelly
Phase 2ErosionErosion   
Root Obstacle0 - 80 cm0 - 80 cmNone to 80 cm0 - 80 cm 
Impermeable LayerNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm40 - 80 cm80 - 150 cm 
Soil Water RegimeNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 monthWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month 
Topsoil Properties
Gravel6 %10 %1 %4 %20 %
Sand36 %23 %17 %39 %19 %
Silt43 %29 %32 %40 %37 %
Clay21 %48 %51 %21 %44 %
USDA TextureLoamClayClayLoamClay
Reference Bulk Density1.39 g/cm³1.25 g/cm³1.22 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.25 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.41 g/cm³1.28 g/cm³1.25 g/cm³1.36 g/cm³1.32 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.65 %1.17 %1.25 %0.86 %2.1 %
PH86.75.87.27.7
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity52 cmol kg⁻¹50 cmol kg⁻¹37 cmol kg⁻¹63 cmol kg⁻¹51 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity16 cmol kg⁻¹27 cmol kg⁻¹25 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹33 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation100 %89 %78 %91 %100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases24.3 cmol kg⁻¹22.1 cmol kg⁻¹18.9 cmol kg⁻¹16.9 cmol kg⁻¹34.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate7 %0.1 %0 %0.5 %15 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %1 %2 %2 %1 %
Electrical Conductivity0.4 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel10 %24 %1 %7 % 
Sand34 %26 %19 %41 % 
Silt43 %29 %29 %38 % 
Clay23 %45 %52 %21 % 
USDA TextureLoamClayClayLoam 
Reference Bulk Density1.38 g/cm³1.26 g/cm³1.23 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³ 
Bulk Density1.45 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³ 
Organic Carbon0.43 %0.58 %0.45 %0.38 % 
PH8.1767.5 
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity54 cmol kg⁻¹51 cmol kg⁻¹40 cmol kg⁻¹61 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity16 cmol kg⁻¹25 cmol kg⁻¹23 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Base Saturation100 %97 %84 %96 % 
Total Exchangeable Bases28.7 cmol kg⁻¹25.9 cmol kg⁻¹17 cmol kg⁻¹15.2 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Calcium Carbonate8.7 %0.3 %0 %2.5 % 
Calcium Sulphate0.4 %0 %0 %0 % 
Exchangeable Sodium1 %1 %3 %3 % 
Electrical Conductivity0.3 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1 
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263