World Species : Protected Area : Zwarte Meer

Zwarte Meer

Location:	Netherlands
Area:	5,436 acres (2,200 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Atlantic mixed forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A		B

Share	80 %	20 %	35 %	30 %	20 %	5 %	5 %	5 %
Soil Type	Calcaric Fluvisols	Calcaric Fluvisols	Gleyic Podzols	Eutric Gleysols	Cumulic Anthrosols	Haplic Arenosols	Eutric Gleysols	Gleyic Podzols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Fine	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Poor	Very poor	Poor	Poor	Well	Somewhat excessive	Poor	Poor
Available Water Capacity	150 m	150 m	100 m	150 m	150 m	100 m	150 m	100 m
Root Obstacle	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	60 - 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	None to 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	40 - 60 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	15 %	4 %	2 %	10 %	10 %	4 %	10 %	2 %
Sand	34 %	14 %	86 %	78 %	90 %	90 %	78 %	86 %
Silt	48 %	39 %	10 %	13 %	6 %	5 %	13 %	10 %
Clay	18 %	47 %	4 %	9 %	4 %	5 %	9 %	4 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Clay	Loamy sand	Sandy loam	Sand	Sand	Sandy loam	Loamy sand
Reference Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.74 g/cm³	1.71 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.39 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.6 %	0.97 %	1.97 %	0.57 %	2.41 %	0.4 %	0.57 %	1.97 %
PH	8	8	4.4	6.3	5.9	6.2	6.3	4.4
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	68 cmol kg⁻¹	51 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	46 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	14 cmol kg⁻¹	28 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	1 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	100 %	18 %	74 %	92 %	93 %	74 %	18 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	19.8 cmol kg⁻¹	22.3 cmol kg⁻¹	3.6 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	1.6 cmol kg⁻¹	3.3 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	3.6 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	11.7 %	13.3 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0.2 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	3 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	0 %	3 %	2 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.7 dS m-1	1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	10 %	3 %	3 %	20 %	10 %	4 %	20 %	3 %
Sand	36 %	15 %	85 %	64 %	89 %	90 %	64 %	85 %
Silt	46 %	40 %	10 %	13 %	6 %	5 %	13 %	10 %
Clay	18 %	45 %	5 %	23 %	5 %	5 %	23 %	5 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Clay	Loamy sand	Sandy clay loam	Sand	Sand	Sandy clay loam	Loamy sand
Reference Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.71 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.46 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.52 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.4 %	0.45 %	0.91 %	0.3 %	0.88 %	0.21 %	0.3 %	0.91 %
PH	8.1	7.9	4.9	6.4	5.9	6.1	6.4	4.9
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	84 cmol kg⁻¹	51 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹	38 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	38 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	13 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	1 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	100 %	21 %	81 %	89 %	100 %	81 %	21 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	20.7 cmol kg⁻¹	20.9 cmol kg⁻¹	1.7 cmol kg⁻¹	6.9 cmol kg⁻¹	6.9 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	6.9 cmol kg⁻¹	1.7 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	12.2 %	19.2 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0.2 %	0.2 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	3 %	3 %	3 %	3 %	0 %	3 %	3 %	3 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.5 dS m-1	1.9 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263