World Species : Protected Area : Dunika

Dunika

Location:	Latvia
Area:	4,453 acres (1,802 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Dfb (Climate: snow; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Sarmatic mixed forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A					B					C

Share	60 %	15 %	10 %	10 %	5 %	50 %	15 %	15 %	10 %	10 %
Soil Type	Gleyic Podzoluvisols	Eutric Gleysols	Eutric Podzoluvisols	Dystric Podzoluvisols	Terric Histosols	Haplic Podzols	Albic Arenosols	Gleyic Podzols	Fibric Histosols	Haplic Podzols	Fibric Histosols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Fine	Coarse	Fine
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Poor	Poor	Moderately well	Moderately well	Very poor	Somewhat excessive	Somewhat excessive	Poor	Very poor	Somewhat excessive	Very poor
Available Water Capacity	100 m	125 m	100 m	100 m	150 m	100 m	100 m	100 m	150 m	100 m	150 m
Phase 1	Stony	Stony	Stony	Stony
Phase 2			Erosion	Erosion
Root Obstacle	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	1 %	4 %	1 %	1 %	28 %	3 %	3 %	2 %	1 %	3 %	1 %
Sand	32 %	37 %	35 %	31 %	35 %	87 %	88 %	86 %	20 %	87 %	20 %
Silt	49 %	40 %	54 %	54 %	33 %	9 %	7 %	10 %	40 %	9 %	40 %
Clay	19 %	23 %	11 %	15 %	32 %	4 %	5 %	4 %	40 %	4 %	40 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Silt loam	Silt loam	Clay loam	Loamy sand	Sand	Loamy sand	Clay	Loamy sand	Clay
Reference Bulk Density	1.4 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.35 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	0.28 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.62 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	0.1 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	0.1 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	2.22 %	1.07 %	1.2 %	1.59 %	39.4 %	2.18 %	0.4 %	1.97 %	33.63 %	2.18 %	33.63 %
PH	5.3	6.2	5.4	5	5.6	4.4	5.9	4.4	4.3	4.4	4.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	36 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	101 cmol kg⁻¹	26 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	101 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	17 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	87 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	77 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	77 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	55 %	88 %	55 %	55 %	75 %	11 %	64 %	18 %	62 %	11 %	62 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	10.2 cmol kg⁻¹	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	59.5 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	3.6 cmol kg⁻¹	31.4 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	31.4 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	0 %	2 %	0 %	0 %	1 %	1 %	3 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	4 %	5 %	4 %	4 %	5 %	4 %	4 %	3 %	2 %	4 %	2 %
Sand	25 %	36 %	37 %	24 %	52 %	88 %	89 %	85 %	47 %	88 %	47 %
Silt	51 %	36 %	43 %	50 %	23 %	8 %	6 %	10 %	26 %	8 %	26 %
Clay	24 %	28 %	20 %	26 %	25 %	4 %	5 %	5 %	27 %	4 %	27 %
USDA Texture	Silt loam	Clay loam	Loam	Silt loam	Sandy clay loam	Sand	Sand	Loamy sand	Sandy clay loam	Sand	Sandy clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.35 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.34 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.74 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.74 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.6 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.61 g/cm³	1.61 g/cm³	0.18 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	0.1 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	0.1 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.5 %	0.37 %	0.25 %	0.2 %	38.46 %	0.39 %	0.23 %	0.91 %	32.89 %	0.39 %	32.89 %
PH	5.4	6.6	5.3	5.3	5.8	5	5.6	4.9	4.6	5	4.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	40 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	67 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	66 cmol kg⁻¹	25 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹	71 cmol kg⁻¹	66 cmol kg⁻¹	71 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	14 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	88 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	59 %	90 %	59 %	59 %	96 %	21 %	89 %	21 %	40 %	21 %	40 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	4.9 cmol kg⁻¹	11.9 cmol kg⁻¹	4.9 cmol kg⁻¹	4.9 cmol kg⁻¹	81.8 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	1.8 cmol kg⁻¹	1.7 cmol kg⁻¹	27.4 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	27.4 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	0 %	2 %	0 %	0 %	1 %	3 %	0 %	3 %	1 %	3 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263