World Species : Protected Area : Valle del Bove

Valle del Bove

Location:	Italy
Area:	7,663 acres (3,101 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Csa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: hot summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

South Appenine mixed montane forests
Tyrrhenian-Adriatic sclerophyllous and mixed forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A			B

Share	40 %	30 %	30 %	40 %	25 %	10 %	10 %	10 %	3 %
Soil Type	Eutric Regosols	Lithic Leptosols	Eutric Cambisols	Eutric Cambisols	Dystric Cambisols	Luvic Phaeozems	Haplic Luvisols	Vitric Andosols	Eutric Cambisols
Topsoil Texture	Coarse	Fine	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse
Reference Depth	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Somewhat excessive	Imperfectly	Well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well
Available Water Capacity	50 m	15 mm	50 m	15 m	50 m	50 m	50 m	50 m	15 m
Phase 1	Stony	Stony	Stony	Lithic	Lithic	Lithic	Lithic	Lithic	Lithic
Root Obstacle	None to 80 cm		None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	15 %	17 %	10 %	10 %	10 %	4 %	4 %	4 %	10 %
Sand	83 %	28 %	77 %	77 %	42 %	75 %	82 %	74 %	77 %
Silt	11 %	25 %	14 %	14 %	38 %	14 %	8 %	21 %	14 %
Clay	6 %	47 %	9 %	9 %	20 %	11 %	10 %	5 %	9 %
USDA Texture	Loamy sand	Clay	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Sandy loam	Sandy loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.67 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.56 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.68 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.3 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	0.99 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.5 %	2.3 %	0.7 %	0.7 %	1.45 %	1.23 %	0.4 %	3.27 %	0.7 %
PH	6.6	7.5	6.9	6.9	5.1	6.4	6.5	5.8	6.9
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	50 cmol kg⁻¹	33 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	135 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	5 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	93 %	100 %	91 %	91 %	38 %	87 %	89 %	34 %	91 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	4.2 cmol kg⁻¹	37.6 cmol kg⁻¹	6.7 cmol kg⁻¹	6.7 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	5.9 cmol kg⁻¹	5.5 cmol kg⁻¹	6.7 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	1.4 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	3 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	0 %	2 %	1 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	22 %		20 %	20 %	19 %	4 %	6 %	10 %	20 %
Sand	80 %		67 %	67 %	45 %	65 %	75 %	75 %	67 %
Silt	11 %		16 %	16 %	35 %	13 %	8 %	21 %	16 %
Clay	9 %		17 %	17 %	20 %	22 %	17 %	4 %	17 %
USDA Texture	Loamy sand		Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Sandy loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.6 g/cm³		1.48 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.71 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.22 g/cm³		1.5 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.34 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	0.97 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.3 %		0.4 %	0.4 %	0.5 %	0.94 %	0.24 %	1.85 %	0.4 %
PH	6.7		7.3	7.3	5.2	6.4	6.5	5.9	7.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	44 cmol kg⁻¹		48 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	56 cmol kg⁻¹	53 cmol kg⁻¹	146 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	4 cmol kg⁻¹		8 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	76 %		91 %	91 %	33 %	88 %	88 %	23 %	91 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	2.8 cmol kg⁻¹		9.3 cmol kg⁻¹	9.3 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	11.6 cmol kg⁻¹	8.1 cmol kg⁻¹	5.3 cmol kg⁻¹	9.3 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %		0.1 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	3 %		2 %	2 %	2 %	0 %	1 %	1 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263