Parco Nazionale del Circeo

Location:Italy
Area:54,771 acres (22,165 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Csa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: hot summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 A
  
Share50 %30 %10 %10 %
Soil TypeGleyic LuvisolsHaplic LuvisolsEutric FluvisolsEutric Cambisols
Topsoil TextureMediumFineMediumMedium
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm
DrainagePoorModerately wellPoorModerately well
Available Water Capacity100 m100 m125 m100 m
Phase 1StonyStonyStonyStony
Root ObstacleNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer80 - 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm
Soil Water RegimeWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel5 %19 %4 %9 %
Sand47 %31 %39 %42 %
Silt29 %22 %40 %36 %
Clay24 %47 %21 %22 %
USDA TextureLoamClayLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.39 g/cm³1.26 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.54 g/cm³1.31 g/cm³1.36 g/cm³1.37 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.83 %1.2 %0.86 %1 %
PH6.36.57.26.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity46 cmol kg⁻¹44 cmol kg⁻¹63 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity16 cmol kg⁻¹27 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation93 %83 %91 %93 %
Total Exchangeable Bases14.9 cmol kg⁻¹22.6 cmol kg⁻¹16.9 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0.1 %0.5 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium2 %1 %2 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel6 %28 %7 %12 %
Sand39 %27 %41 %41 %
Silt27 %20 %38 %34 %
Clay34 %53 %21 %25 %
USDA TextureClay loamClayLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.33 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.65 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.28 %0.59 %0.38 %0.37 %
PH77.47.57
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity44 cmol kg⁻¹49 cmol kg⁻¹61 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity16 cmol kg⁻¹27 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation99 %84 %96 %93 %
Total Exchangeable Bases15.9 cmol kg⁻¹26.2 cmol kg⁻¹15.2 cmol kg⁻¹15.1 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0.4 %4 %2.5 %0.1 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium2 %1 %3 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263