Lago di Vico Monte Venere e Monte Fogliano

Location:Italy
Area:5,236 acres (2,119 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Csa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: hot summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 A
  
Share40 %25 %10 %10 %10 %3 %
Soil TypeEutric CambisolsDystric CambisolsLuvic PhaeozemsHaplic LuvisolsVitric AndosolsEutric Cambisols
Topsoil TextureCoarseMediumCoarseCoarseCoarseCoarse
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm
DrainageModerately wellImperfectlyModerately wellModerately wellModerately wellModerately well
Available Water Capacity15 m50 m50 m50 m50 m15 m
Phase 1LithicLithicLithicLithicLithicLithic
Root ObstacleNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm
Impermeable LayerNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm
Soil Water RegimeNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel10 %10 %4 %4 %4 %10 %
Sand77 %42 %75 %82 %74 %77 %
Silt14 %38 %14 %8 %21 %14 %
Clay9 %20 %11 %10 %5 %9 %
USDA TextureSandy loamLoamSandy loamLoamy sandSandy loamSandy loam
Reference Bulk Density1.6 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.56 g/cm³1.59 g/cm³1.68 g/cm³1.6 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.5 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.28 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³0.99 g/cm³1.5 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.7 %1.45 %1.23 %0.4 %3.27 %0.7 %
PH6.95.16.46.55.86.9
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity49 cmol kg⁻¹32 cmol kg⁻¹48 cmol kg⁻¹48 cmol kg⁻¹135 cmol kg⁻¹49 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity7 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹6 cmol kg⁻¹17 cmol kg⁻¹7 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation91 %38 %87 %89 %34 %91 %
Total Exchangeable Bases6.7 cmol kg⁻¹4.3 cmol kg⁻¹8 cmol kg⁻¹5.9 cmol kg⁻¹5.5 cmol kg⁻¹6.7 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0.1 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0.1 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium2 %2 %0 %2 %1 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel20 %19 %4 %6 %10 %20 %
Sand67 %45 %65 %75 %75 %67 %
Silt16 %35 %13 %8 %21 %16 %
Clay17 %20 %22 %17 %4 %17 %
USDA TextureSandy loamLoamSandy clay loamSandy loamLoamy sandSandy loam
Reference Bulk Density1.48 g/cm³1.42 g/cm³1.44 g/cm³1.5 g/cm³1.71 g/cm³1.48 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.5 g/cm³1.36 g/cm³1.34 g/cm³1.57 g/cm³0.97 g/cm³1.5 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.4 %0.5 %0.94 %0.24 %1.85 %0.4 %
PH7.35.26.46.55.97.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity48 cmol kg⁻¹35 cmol kg⁻¹56 cmol kg⁻¹53 cmol kg⁻¹146 cmol kg⁻¹48 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity8 cmol kg⁻¹9 cmol kg⁻¹20 cmol kg⁻¹10 cmol kg⁻¹10 cmol kg⁻¹8 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation91 %33 %88 %88 %23 %91 %
Total Exchangeable Bases9.3 cmol kg⁻¹2.6 cmol kg⁻¹11.6 cmol kg⁻¹8.1 cmol kg⁻¹5.3 cmol kg⁻¹9.3 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0.1 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0.1 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium2 %2 %0 %1 %1 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263