Caldera di Latera

Location:Italy
Area:3,010 acres (1,218 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Cfa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: hot summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 A
  
Share30 %30 %25 %5 %
Soil TypeHaplic AndosolsMollic AndosolsLithic LeptosolsEutric Cambisols
Topsoil TextureMediumMediumMediumMedium
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm10 cm100 cm
DrainageImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectly
Available Water Capacity50 m50 m15 mm50 m
Phase 1LithicLithic Lithic
Root ObstacleNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm None to 80 cm
Impermeable LayerNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm None to 150 cm
Soil Water RegimeNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel4 %14 %21 %9 %
Sand32 %39 %42 %42 %
Silt47 %39 %34 %36 %
Clay21 %22 %24 %22 %
USDA TextureLoamLoamLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.38 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³
Bulk Density0.76 g/cm³0.86 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.37 g/cm³
Organic Carbon6.74 %3.43 %1.61 %1 %
PH5.96.77.56.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity78 cmol kg⁻¹98 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity30 cmol kg⁻¹30 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation16 %78 %100 %93 %
Total Exchangeable Bases6.4 cmol kg⁻¹24.5 cmol kg⁻¹15.5 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0.1 %3.9 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %1 %3 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel9 %18 % 12 %
Sand34 %40 % 41 %
Silt44 %36 % 34 %
Clay22 %24 % 25 %
USDA TextureLoamLoam Loam
Reference Bulk Density1.38 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³ 1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density0.79 g/cm³0.81 g/cm³ 1.39 g/cm³
Organic Carbon1.99 %1.41 % 0.37 %
PH6.16.8 7
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity79 cmol kg⁻¹85 cmol kg⁻¹ 55 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity27 cmol kg⁻¹29 cmol kg⁻¹ 15 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation33 %78 % 93 %
Total Exchangeable Bases4.7 cmol kg⁻¹22.5 cmol kg⁻¹ 15.1 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0.3 % 0.1 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 % 0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %2 % 2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1 0.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263