Esotici della Valmarecchia

Location:Italy
Area:5,720 acres (2,315 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 AB
   
Share35 %30 %15 %10 %5 %5 %45 %30 %25 %
Soil TypeCalcaric RegosolsEutric RegosolsEutric CambisolsLithic LeptosolsGleyic LuvisolsHaplic LuvisolsEutric CambisolsHaplic LuvisolsRendzic Leptosols
Topsoil TextureMediumFineMediumMediumMediumMediumMediumMediumMedium
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm10 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm30 cm
DrainageModerately wellModerately wellModerately wellImperfectlyPoorModerately wellImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectly
Available Water Capacity100 m75 m100 m15 mm100 m100 m50 m50 m50 mm
Phase 1StonyStonyStonyStonyStonyStonyLithicLithic 
Root ObstacleNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm None to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm 
Impermeable Layer80 - 150 cm80 - 150 cm80 - 150 cm None to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm 
Soil Water RegimeWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 monthWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month 
Topsoil Properties
Gravel14 %48 %9 %21 %5 %4 %9 %4 %16 %
Sand44 %26 %42 %42 %47 %41 %42 %41 %37 %
Silt35 %30 %36 %34 %29 %37 %36 %37 %44 %
Clay21 %44 %22 %24 %24 %22 %22 %22 %19 %
USDA TextureLoamClayLoamLoamLoamLoamLoamLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.41 g/cm³1.26 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.37 g/cm³1.28 g/cm³1.37 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.54 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³1.37 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.75 %1.89 %1 %1.61 %0.83 %0.74 %1 %0.74 %2.13 %
PH86.16.67.56.36.56.66.57.5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity45 cmol kg⁻¹52 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹46 cmol kg⁻¹47 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹47 cmol kg⁻¹80 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity17 cmol kg⁻¹24 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹27 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation100 %62 %93 %100 %93 %91 %93 %91 %100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases26.8 cmol kg⁻¹12.9 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹15.5 cmol kg⁻¹14.9 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹28.8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate15 %0 %0 %3.9 %0 %0 %0 %0 %6 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium2 %0 %2 %3 %2 %1 %2 %1 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.2 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel18 %33 %12 % 6 %3 %12 %3 % 
Sand40 %24 %41 % 39 %37 %41 %37 % 
Silt35 %27 %34 % 27 %34 %34 %34 % 
Clay25 %49 %25 % 34 %29 %25 %29 % 
USDA TextureLoamClayLoam Clay loamClay loamLoamClay loam 
Reference Bulk Density1.37 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³ 1.33 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³ 
Bulk Density1.5 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³ 1.65 g/cm³1.51 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.51 g/cm³ 
Organic Carbon0.47 %0.61 %0.37 % 0.28 %0.36 %0.37 %0.36 % 
PH8.16.47 76.776.7 
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity52 cmol kg⁻¹40 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹ 44 cmol kg⁻¹50 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹50 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity15 cmol kg⁻¹23 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹ 16 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Base Saturation100 %55 %93 % 99 %93 %93 %93 % 
Total Exchangeable Bases36.5 cmol kg⁻¹11.6 cmol kg⁻¹15.1 cmol kg⁻¹ 15.9 cmol kg⁻¹13.1 cmol kg⁻¹15.1 cmol kg⁻¹13.1 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Calcium Carbonate15 %0 %0.1 % 0.4 %0 %0.1 %0 % 
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 % 0 %0 %0 %0 % 
Exchangeable Sodium2 %0 %2 % 2 %1 %2 %1 % 
Electrical Conductivity0.3 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1 0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1 
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263