Greto dello Scrivia

Location:Italy
Area:5,172 acres (2,093 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Csb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests
Po Basin mixed forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 ABC
    
Share35 %30 %15 %10 %5 %5 %50 %30 %15 %5 %50 %30 %10 %5 %5 %
Soil TypeCalcaric RegosolsEutric RegosolsEutric CambisolsLithic LeptosolsGleyic LuvisolsHaplic LuvisolsEutric CambisolsEutric FluvisolsGleyic CambisolsEutric VertisolsDystric CambisolsEutric CambisolsHaplic LuvisolsLithic LeptosolsLithic Leptosols
Topsoil TextureMediumFineMediumMediumMediumMediumCoarseFineCoarseFineMediumMediumMediumMediumMedium
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm10 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm10 cm10 cm
DrainageModerately wellModerately wellModerately wellImperfectlyPoorModerately wellWellVery poorPoorPoorImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectly
Available Water Capacity100 m75 m100 m15 mm100 m100 m15 m75 m15 m50 m50 m50 m50 m15 mm15 mm
Phase 1StonyStonyStonyStonyStonyStonyGravellyGravellyGravellyGravellyLithicLithicLithic  
Root ObstacleNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm None to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm60 - 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm  
Impermeable Layer80 - 150 cm80 - 150 cm80 - 150 cm None to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm  
Soil Water RegimeWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 monthWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 monthWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month  
Misc. Property         Vertic (cracks of more than 1 cm wide)     
Topsoil Properties
Gravel14 %48 %9 %21 %5 %4 %10 %4 %5 %4 %10 %9 %4 %21 %21 %
Sand44 %26 %42 %42 %47 %41 %77 %19 %76 %19 %42 %42 %41 %42 %42 %
Silt35 %30 %36 %34 %29 %37 %14 %32 %13 %25 %38 %36 %37 %34 %34 %
Clay21 %44 %22 %24 %24 %22 %9 %49 %11 %56 %20 %22 %22 %24 %24 %
USDA TextureLoamClayLoamLoamLoamLoamSandy loamClaySandy loamClayLoamLoamLoamLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.41 g/cm³1.26 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.6 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³1.56 g/cm³1.22 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.37 g/cm³1.28 g/cm³1.37 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.54 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³1.5 g/cm³1.27 g/cm³1.31 g/cm³1.56 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.37 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.75 %1.89 %1 %1.61 %0.83 %0.74 %0.7 %1.19 %0.79 %1.05 %1.45 %1 %0.74 %1.61 %1.61 %
PH86.16.67.56.36.56.96.26.26.95.16.66.57.57.5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity45 cmol kg⁻¹52 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹46 cmol kg⁻¹47 cmol kg⁻¹49 cmol kg⁻¹38 cmol kg⁻¹40 cmol kg⁻¹70 cmol kg⁻¹32 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹47 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity17 cmol kg⁻¹24 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹7 cmol kg⁻¹24 cmol kg⁻¹7 cmol kg⁻¹43 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation100 %62 %93 %100 %93 %91 %91 %91 %71 %100 %38 %93 %91 %100 %100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases26.8 cmol kg⁻¹12.9 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹15.5 cmol kg⁻¹14.9 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹6.7 cmol kg⁻¹22.7 cmol kg⁻¹7.1 cmol kg⁻¹40.9 cmol kg⁻¹4.3 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹15.5 cmol kg⁻¹15.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate15 %0 %0 %3.9 %0 %0 %0.1 %0 %0 %0.2 %0 %0 %0 %3.9 %3.9 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium2 %0 %2 %3 %2 %1 %2 %1 %3 %1 %2 %2 %1 %3 %3 %
Electrical Conductivity0.2 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel18 %33 %12 % 6 %3 %20 %3 %8 %5 %19 %12 %3 %  
Sand40 %24 %41 % 39 %37 %67 %21 %62 %18 %45 %41 %37 %  
Silt35 %27 %34 % 27 %34 %16 %32 %15 %24 %35 %34 %34 %  
Clay25 %49 %25 % 34 %29 %17 %47 %23 %58 %20 %25 %29 %  
USDA TextureLoamClayLoam Clay loamClay loamSandy loamClaySandy clay loamClayLoamLoamClay loam  
Reference Bulk Density1.37 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³ 1.33 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³1.48 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³1.21 g/cm³1.42 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³  
Bulk Density1.5 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³ 1.65 g/cm³1.51 g/cm³1.5 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.44 g/cm³1.6 g/cm³1.36 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.51 g/cm³  
Organic Carbon0.47 %0.61 %0.37 % 0.28 %0.36 %0.4 %0.55 %0.41 %0.59 %0.5 %0.37 %0.36 %  
PH8.16.47 76.77.36.86.17.55.276.7  
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity52 cmol kg⁻¹40 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹ 44 cmol kg⁻¹50 cmol kg⁻¹48 cmol kg⁻¹41 cmol kg⁻¹32 cmol kg⁻¹70 cmol kg⁻¹35 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹50 cmol kg⁻¹  
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity15 cmol kg⁻¹23 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹ 16 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹8 cmol kg⁻¹20 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹9 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹  
Base Saturation100 %55 %93 % 99 %93 %91 %99 %77 %100 %33 %93 %93 %  
Total Exchangeable Bases36.5 cmol kg⁻¹11.6 cmol kg⁻¹15.1 cmol kg⁻¹ 15.9 cmol kg⁻¹13.1 cmol kg⁻¹9.3 cmol kg⁻¹18.2 cmol kg⁻¹8.9 cmol kg⁻¹44.2 cmol kg⁻¹2.6 cmol kg⁻¹15.1 cmol kg⁻¹13.1 cmol kg⁻¹  
Calcium Carbonate15 %0 %0.1 % 0.4 %0 %0.1 %0.2 %0 %0.8 %0 %0.1 %0 %  
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 % 0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %  
Exchangeable Sodium2 %0 %2 % 2 %1 %2 %2 %3 %2 %2 %2 %1 %  
Electrical Conductivity0.3 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1 0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1  
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263