World Species : Protected Area : Gerecse

Gerecse

Location:	Hungary
Area:	75,262 acres (30,458 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Pannonian mixed forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A				B			C

Share	35 %	30 %	20 %	15 %	60 %	20 %	20 %	40 %	40 %	20 %
Soil Type	Chromic Cambisols	Haplic Chernozems	Chromic Luvisols	Cambic Arenosols	Rendzic Leptosols	Calcaric Cambisols	Lithic Leptosols	Calcaric Phaeozems	Calcaric Fluvisols	Mollic Gleysols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Fine	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Somewhat excessive	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Poor	Poor
Available Water Capacity	150 m	150 m	150 m	100 m	15 mm	100 m	15 mm	150 m	150 m	150 m
Phase 1					Stony	Sodic	Stony
Root Obstacle	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm		60 - 80 cm		None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		80 - 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	10 %	4 %	12 %	2 %	16 %	6 %	21 %	3 %	15 %	4 %
Sand	49 %	12 %	48 %	89 %	37 %	36 %	42 %	35 %	34 %	39 %
Silt	28 %	46 %	28 %	6 %	44 %	43 %	34 %	43 %	48 %	39 %
Clay	23 %	42 %	24 %	5 %	19 %	21 %	24 %	22 %	18 %	22 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Silty clay	Loam	Sand	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.4 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.31 g/cm³	1.18 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.46 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.98 %	2.62 %	0.83 %	0.5 %	2.13 %	0.65 %	1.61 %	1.37 %	0.6 %	1.65 %
PH	6.6	7.1	6.3	6	7.5	8	7.5	7.9	8	6.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	42 cmol kg⁻¹	69 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	80 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	67 cmol kg⁻¹	68 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	13 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	83 %	100 %	88 %	99 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	87 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	11.6 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	28.8 cmol kg⁻¹	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	25.8 cmol kg⁻¹	19.8 cmol kg⁻¹	9.8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0.1 %	6 %	0 %	0 %	6 %	7 %	3.9 %	3.4 %	11.7 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.2 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	3 %	1 %	3 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	0.7 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	9 %	6 %	8 %	1 %		10 %		5 %	10 %	3 %
Sand	47 %	12 %	41 %	89 %		34 %		35 %	36 %	37 %
Silt	26 %	48 %	25 %	6 %		43 %		44 %	46 %	35 %
Clay	27 %	40 %	34 %	5 %		23 %		21 %	18 %	28 %
USDA Texture	Sandy clay loam	Silty clay	Clay loam	Sand		Loam		Loam	Loam	Clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.38 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³		1.38 g/cm³		1.39 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.44 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³		1.45 g/cm³		1.44 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.47 %	1.17 %	0.4 %	0.3 %		0.43 %		0.48 %	0.4 %	0.69 %
PH	6.7	7.4	6.4	5.9		8.1		8.2	8.1	7.2
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	44 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹		54 cmol kg⁻¹		71 cmol kg⁻¹	84 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	15 cmol kg⁻¹	34 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹		16 cmol kg⁻¹		14 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	92 %	100 %	90 %	98 %		100 %		100 %	100 %	88 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	11.9 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹		28.7 cmol kg⁻¹		22.2 cmol kg⁻¹	20.7 cmol kg⁻¹	10.7 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0.1 %	6 %	0 %	0 %		8.7 %		11.4 %	12.2 %	4 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0.4 %		0 %	0.2 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	1 %	1 %	3 %		1 %		2 %	3 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.5 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.3 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.5 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263