OROS CHELMOS KAI YDATA STYGOS

Location:Greece
Area:43,226 acres (17,493 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Csb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Pindus Mountains mixed forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 AB
   
Share50 %15 %6 %4 %40 %20 %10 %10 %10 %10 %
Soil TypeLithic LeptosolsCalcaric RegosolsChromic CambisolsChromic LuvisolsChromic LuvisolsChromic LuvisolsCalcaric CambisolsCalcaric RegosolsEutric RegosolsLithic Leptosols
Topsoil TextureMediumMediumMediumMediumMediumMediumMediumMediumMediumMedium
Reference Depth10 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm10 cm
DrainageImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyModerately wellModerately wellModerately wellModerately wellImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectly
Available Water Capacity15 mm15 m15 m100 m50 m50 m50 m15 m15 m15 mm
Phase 1 LithicStonyStonyGravellyGravellyGravellyStonyStony 
Phase 2 StonyLithic   StonyLithicLithic 
Root Obstacle 40 - 60 cm40 - 60 cm40 - 60 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm 
Impermeable Layer None to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm 
Soil Water Regime Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month 
Topsoil Properties
Gravel21 %14 %10 %12 %12 %12 %6 %14 %25 %21 %
Sand42 %44 %49 %48 %48 %48 %36 %44 %47 %42 %
Silt34 %35 %28 %28 %28 %28 %43 %35 %34 %34 %
Clay24 %21 %23 %24 %24 %24 %21 %21 %19 %24 %
USDA TextureLoamLoamLoamLoamLoamLoamLoamLoamLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.38 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.3 g/cm³1.37 g/cm³1.31 g/cm³1.53 g/cm³1.53 g/cm³1.53 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.37 g/cm³1.21 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³
Organic Carbon1.61 %0.75 %0.98 %0.83 %0.83 %0.83 %0.65 %0.75 %0.98 %1.61 %
PH7.586.66.36.36.3886.47.5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity42 cmol kg⁻¹45 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹39 cmol kg⁻¹39 cmol kg⁻¹39 cmol kg⁻¹52 cmol kg⁻¹45 cmol kg⁻¹40 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity16 cmol kg⁻¹17 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹17 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation100 %100 %83 %88 %88 %88 %100 %100 %78 %100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases15.5 cmol kg⁻¹26.8 cmol kg⁻¹11.6 cmol kg⁻¹10 cmol kg⁻¹10 cmol kg⁻¹10 cmol kg⁻¹24.3 cmol kg⁻¹26.8 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹15.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate3.9 %15 %0.1 %0 %0 %0 %7 %15 %0 %3.9 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium3 %2 %2 %1 %1 %1 %1 %2 %1 %3 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.2 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.4 dS m-10.2 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel 18 %9 %8 %8 %8 %10 %18 %28 % 
Sand 40 %47 %41 %41 %41 %34 %40 %51 % 
Silt 35 %26 %25 %25 %25 %43 %35 %31 % 
Clay 25 %27 %34 %34 %34 %23 %25 %18 % 
USDA Texture LoamSandy clay loamClay loamClay loamClay loamLoamLoamLoam 
Reference Bulk Density 1.37 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.33 g/cm³1.33 g/cm³1.33 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.37 g/cm³1.44 g/cm³ 
Bulk Density 1.5 g/cm³1.44 g/cm³1.51 g/cm³1.51 g/cm³1.51 g/cm³1.45 g/cm³1.5 g/cm³1.45 g/cm³ 
Organic Carbon 0.47 %0.47 %0.4 %0.4 %0.4 %0.43 %0.47 %0.4 % 
PH 8.16.76.46.46.48.18.16.9 
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity 52 cmol kg⁻¹44 cmol kg⁻¹41 cmol kg⁻¹41 cmol kg⁻¹41 cmol kg⁻¹54 cmol kg⁻¹52 cmol kg⁻¹56 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity 15 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Base Saturation 100 %92 %90 %90 %90 %100 %100 %89 % 
Total Exchangeable Bases 36.5 cmol kg⁻¹11.9 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹28.7 cmol kg⁻¹36.5 cmol kg⁻¹10.3 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Calcium Carbonate 15 %0.1 %0 %0 %0 %8.7 %15 %0 % 
Calcium Sulphate 0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0.4 %0 %0 % 
Exchangeable Sodium 2 %1 %1 %1 %1 %1 %2 %2 % 
Electrical Conductivity 0.3 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.3 dS m-10.3 dS m-10.1 dS m-1 
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263