World Species : Protected Area : KORYFES OROUS GRAMMOS

KORYFES OROUS GRAMMOS

Location:	Greece
Area:	84,898 acres (34,357 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Csb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Pindus Mountains mixed forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A								B					C					D								E

Share	40 %	30 %	15 %	5 %	3 %	3 %	3 %	1 %	60 %	15 %	15 %	5 %	5 %	30 %	30 %	20 %	10 %	10 %	80 %	3 %	3 %	3 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	70 %	15 %	1 %
Soil Type	Lithic Leptosols	Eutric Regosols	Eutric Cambisols	Chromic Luvisols	Haplic Acrisols	Chromic Cambisols	Haplic Luvisols	Chromic Luvisols	Lithic Leptosols	Dystric Regosols	Dystric Cambisols	Humic Cambisols	Umbric Leptosols	Vertic Luvisols	Chromic Luvisols	Vertic Cambisols	Eutric Vertisols	Calcaric Regosols	Eutric Regosols	Humic Cambisols	Haplic Phaeozems	Lithic Leptosols	Lithic Leptosols	Lithic Leptosols	Haplic Luvisols	Lithic Leptosols	Calcaric Cambisols	Humic Cambisols	Haplic Luvisols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Fine	Fine	Fine	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Fine	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Medium
Reference Depth	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	10 cm	10 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Poor	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well
Available Water Capacity	0 mm	15 m	50 m	100 m	75 m	50 m	100 m	100 m	15 mm	15 m	15 m	15 m	15 mm	15 m	50 m	50 m	15 m	50 m	15 m	50 m	150 m	0 mm	15 mm	0 mm	150 m	0 mm	50 m	15 m	150 m
Phase 1	Stony	Stony	Gravelly	Stony	Stony	Gravelly	Stony	Stony		Lithic	Stony	Stony	Stony	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Stony	Lithic		Stony	Stony	Stony		Stony	Lithic	Lithic
Phase 2	Gravelly	Lithic	Stony			Stony				Stony	Lithic	Lithic							Lithic	Erosion							Erosion	Stony
Root Obstacle		40 - 60 cm	40 - 60 cm	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm		40 - 60 cm	40 - 60 cm	40 - 60 cm		None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	20 - 40 cm	20 - 40 cm	40 - 60 cm				None to 80 cm		20 - 40 cm	20 - 40 cm	None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		40 - 80 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm				None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month				Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Misc. Property														Vertic (cracks of more than 1 cm wide)		Vertic (cracks of more than 1 cm wide)	Vertic (cracks of more than 1 cm wide)
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	21 %	25 %	9 %	12 %	10 %	10 %	4 %	12 %	21 %	19 %	10 %	8 %	10 %	5 %	12 %	2 %	4 %	48 %	25 %	8 %	2 %	21 %	21 %	21 %	19 %	21 %	6 %	8 %	4 %
Sand	42 %	47 %	42 %	48 %	52 %	49 %	41 %	48 %	73 %	78 %	75 %	41 %	79 %	42 %	48 %	20 %	19 %	22 %	47 %	41 %	38 %	73 %	42 %	73 %	31 %	73 %	36 %	41 %	41 %
Silt	34 %	34 %	36 %	28 %	24 %	28 %	37 %	28 %	18 %	13 %	15 %	36 %	13 %	31 %	28 %	29 %	25 %	36 %	34 %	36 %	39 %	18 %	34 %	18 %	22 %	18 %	43 %	36 %	37 %
Clay	24 %	19 %	22 %	24 %	24 %	23 %	22 %	24 %	9 %	9 %	10 %	23 %	8 %	27 %	24 %	51 %	56 %	42 %	19 %	23 %	23 %	9 %	24 %	9 %	47 %	9 %	21 %	23 %	22 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Loamy sand	Clay loam	Loam	Clay	Clay	Clay	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Clay	Sandy loam	Loam	Loam	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.38 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.58 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.62 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.22 g/cm³	1.27 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.3 g/cm³	1.21 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.27 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.56 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	1.21 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	1.61 %	0.98 %	1 %	0.83 %	1 %	0.98 %	0.74 %	0.83 %	1.4 %	0.7 %	0.7 %	2.72 %	2.59 %	0.48 %	0.83 %	0.96 %	1.05 %	1.83 %	0.98 %	2.72 %	1.95 %	1.4 %	1.61 %	1.4 %	1.2 %	1.4 %	0.65 %	2.72 %	0.74 %
PH	7.5	6.4	6.6	6.3	4.9	6.6	6.5	6.3	7.5	5.6	5.1	5.3	4.7	7.2	6.3	7.3	6.9	7.6	6.4	5.3	6.4	7.5	7.5	7.5	6.5	7.5	8	5.3	6.5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	42 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	85 cmol kg⁻¹	29 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	24 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	54 cmol kg⁻¹	70 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	85 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	85 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹	85 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	16 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	36 cmol kg⁻¹	43 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	78 %	93 %	88 %	47 %	83 %	91 %	88 %	86 %	98 %	28 %	25 %	86 %	99 %	88 %	94 %	100 %	62 %	78 %	25 %	87 %	86 %	100 %	86 %	83 %	86 %	100 %	25 %	91 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	3.2 cmol kg⁻¹	11.6 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	4.1 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	5.4 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	22.1 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	27.4 cmol kg⁻¹	40.9 cmol kg⁻¹	12.9 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	5.4 cmol kg⁻¹	12.4 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	22.6 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	5.4 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	3.9 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.3 %	0 %	0.3 %	0.2 %	3 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	7 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	3 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	3 %	5 %	1 %	0 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	3 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel		28 %	12 %	8 %	10 %	9 %	3 %	8 %		14 %	9 %	6 %		7 %	8 %	4 %	5 %	33 %	28 %	6 %	4 %				28 %		10 %	6 %	3 %
Sand		51 %	41 %	41 %	43 %	47 %	37 %	41 %		77 %	68 %	44 %		34 %	41 %	18 %	18 %	21 %	51 %	44 %	40 %				27 %		34 %	44 %	37 %
Silt		31 %	34 %	25 %	21 %	26 %	34 %	25 %		13 %	17 %	32 %		28 %	25 %	29 %	24 %	36 %	31 %	32 %	37 %				20 %		43 %	32 %	34 %
Clay		18 %	25 %	34 %	36 %	27 %	29 %	34 %		10 %	15 %	24 %		38 %	34 %	53 %	58 %	43 %	18 %	24 %	23 %				53 %		23 %	24 %	29 %
USDA Texture		Loam	Loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam		Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loam		Clay loam	Clay loam	Clay	Clay	Clay	Loam	Loam	Loam				Clay		Loam	Loam	Clay loam
Reference Bulk Density		1.44 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³		1.58 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³		1.3 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.22 g/cm³	1.21 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³				1.24 g/cm³		1.38 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³
Bulk Density		1.45 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³		1.5 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.16 g/cm³		1.47 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.46 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.16 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³				1.3 g/cm³		1.45 g/cm³	1.16 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³
Organic Carbon		0.4 %	0.37 %	0.4 %	0.43 %	0.47 %	0.36 %	0.4 %		0.31 %	0.27 %	1.07 %		0.38 %	0.4 %	0.43 %	0.59 %	0.5 %	0.4 %	1.07 %	0.67 %				0.59 %		0.43 %	1.07 %	0.36 %
PH		6.9	7	6.4	4.9	6.7	6.7	6.4		5.3	5	5.3		7.4	6.4	7.7	7.5	7.8	6.9	5.3	6.8				7.4		8.1	5.3	6.7
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity		56 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹		36 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹		69 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	61 cmol kg⁻¹	70 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	56 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹	64 cmol kg⁻¹				49 cmol kg⁻¹		54 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity		11 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹		4 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹		27 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹				27 cmol kg⁻¹		16 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation		89 %	93 %	90 %	32 %	92 %	93 %	90 %		28 %	36 %	30 %		98 %	90 %	99 %	100 %	55 %	89 %	30 %	95 %				84 %		100 %	30 %	93 %
Total Exchangeable Bases		10.3 cmol kg⁻¹	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	2.2 cmol kg⁻¹	11.9 cmol kg⁻¹	13.1 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹		1 cmol kg⁻¹	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹		25.8 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	34.3 cmol kg⁻¹	44.2 cmol kg⁻¹	11.6 cmol kg⁻¹	10.3 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	13.8 cmol kg⁻¹				26.2 cmol kg⁻¹		28.7 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	13.1 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate		0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %		6 %	0 %	4 %	0.8 %	3 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %				4 %		8.7 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %				0 %		0.4 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium		2 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %		3 %	5 %	2 %		4 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	3 %	2 %	2 %	1 %				1 %		1 %	2 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1				0.1 dS m-1		0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263