World Species : Protected Area : OROS CHOLOMONTAS

OROS CHOLOMONTAS

Location:	Greece
Area:	65,270 acres (26,414 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A							B							C						D

Share	40 %	30 %	10 %	5 %	5 %	5 %	5 %	50 %	20 %	10 %	8 %	8 %	2 %	2 %	30 %	20 %	20 %	10 %	10 %	10 %	40 %	20 %	10 %	10 %	10 %	10 %
Soil Type	Eutric Cambisols	Eutric Regosols	Lithic Leptosols	Haplic Luvisols	Chromic Luvisols	Haplic Acrisols	Dystric Cambisols	Dystric Cambisols	Dystric Regosols	Lithic Leptosols	Haplic Luvisols	Haplic Acrisols	Humic Cambisols	Umbric Leptosols	Chromic Luvisols	Eutric Cambisols	Eutric Regosols	Chromic Luvisols	Lithic Leptosols	Haplic Acrisols	Chromic Luvisols	Chromic Luvisols	Calcaric Cambisols	Calcaric Regosols	Eutric Regosols	Lithic Leptosols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Imperfectly
Available Water Capacity	50 m	15 m	15 mm	50 m	50 m	50 m	15 m	50 m	15 m	15 mm	50 m	50 m	50 m	15 mm	50 m	50 m	15 m	50 m	15 mm	50 m	50 m	50 m	50 m	15 m	15 m	15 mm
Phase 1	Gravelly	Gravelly		Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Stony		Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly		Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Stony	Stony
Phase 2	Stony	Lithic					Lithic	Stony	Lithic				Stony				Lithic						Stony	Lithic	Lithic
Root Obstacle	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm		60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	60 - 80 cm	40 - 60 cm		60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm		60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	60 - 80 cm		60 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	9 %	25 %	21 %	4 %	12 %	10 %	10 %	10 %	19 %	21 %	4 %	4 %	8 %	6 %	12 %	9 %	25 %	4 %	21 %	10 %	12 %	12 %	6 %	14 %	25 %	21 %
Sand	42 %	47 %	42 %	41 %	48 %	52 %	42 %	42 %	78 %	73 %	82 %	81 %	41 %	49 %	48 %	42 %	47 %	80 %	42 %	52 %	48 %	48 %	36 %	44 %	47 %	42 %
Silt	36 %	34 %	34 %	37 %	28 %	24 %	38 %	38 %	13 %	18 %	8 %	9 %	36 %	31 %	28 %	36 %	34 %	9 %	34 %	24 %	28 %	28 %	43 %	35 %	34 %	34 %
Clay	22 %	19 %	24 %	22 %	24 %	24 %	20 %	20 %	9 %	9 %	10 %	10 %	23 %	20 %	24 %	22 %	19 %	11 %	24 %	24 %	24 %	24 %	21 %	21 %	19 %	24 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Sandy loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.4 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.37 g/cm³	1.21 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.27 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.21 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.21 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	1 %	0.98 %	1.61 %	0.74 %	0.83 %	1 %	1.45 %	1.45 %	0.7 %	1.4 %	0.4 %	0.5 %	2.72 %	2.4 %	0.83 %	1 %	0.98 %	0.45 %	1.61 %	1 %	0.83 %	0.83 %	0.65 %	0.75 %	0.98 %	1.61 %
PH	6.6	6.4	7.5	6.5	6.3	4.9	5.1	5.1	5.6	7.5	6.5	5.5	5.3	5.1	6.3	6.6	6.4	6.4	7.5	4.9	6.3	6.3	8	8	6.4	7.5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	55 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	29 cmol kg⁻¹	85 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	34 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	36 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	16 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	93 %	78 %	100 %	91 %	88 %	47 %	38 %	38 %	98 %	86 %	89 %	72 %	25 %	36 %	88 %	93 %	78 %	79 %	100 %	47 %	88 %	88 %	100 %	100 %	78 %	100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	14 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	3.2 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	4.1 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	5.9 cmol kg⁻¹	3.6 cmol kg⁻¹	5.4 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	5.1 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	3.2 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	26.8 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	7 %	15 %	0 %	3.9 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	1 %	3 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	3 %	1 %	2 %	3 %	1 %	4 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	3 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	3 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	12 %	28 %		3 %	8 %	10 %	19 %	19 %	14 %		6 %	6 %	6 %		8 %	12 %	28 %	5 %		10 %	8 %	8 %	10 %	18 %	28 %
Sand	41 %	51 %		37 %	41 %	43 %	45 %	45 %	77 %		75 %	67 %	44 %		41 %	41 %	51 %	72 %		43 %	41 %	41 %	34 %	40 %	51 %
Silt	34 %	31 %		34 %	25 %	21 %	35 %	35 %	13 %		8 %	10 %	32 %		25 %	34 %	31 %	9 %		21 %	25 %	25 %	43 %	35 %	31 %
Clay	25 %	18 %		29 %	34 %	36 %	20 %	20 %	10 %		17 %	23 %	24 %		34 %	25 %	18 %	19 %		36 %	34 %	34 %	23 %	25 %	18 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam		Clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam		Sandy loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam		Clay loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam		Clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Loam	Loam	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.38 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³		1.35 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.58 g/cm³		1.5 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³		1.33 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³		1.32 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.39 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³		1.51 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³		1.57 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.16 g/cm³		1.51 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.52 g/cm³		1.4 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.37 %	0.4 %		0.36 %	0.4 %	0.43 %	0.5 %	0.5 %	0.31 %		0.24 %	0.3 %	1.07 %		0.4 %	0.37 %	0.4 %	0.26 %		0.43 %	0.4 %	0.4 %	0.43 %	0.47 %	0.4 %
PH	7	6.9		6.7	6.4	4.9	5.2	5.2	5.3		6.5	5.2	5.3		6.4	7	6.9	6.6		4.9	6.4	6.4	8.1	8.1	6.9
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	55 cmol kg⁻¹	56 cmol kg⁻¹		50 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	36 cmol kg⁻¹		53 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹		41 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	56 cmol kg⁻¹	36 cmol kg⁻¹		12 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	54 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	56 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	15 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹		14 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹		10 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹		15 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹		6 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	93 %	89 %		93 %	90 %	32 %	33 %	33 %	28 %		88 %	42 %	30 %		90 %	93 %	89 %	79 %		32 %	90 %	90 %	100 %	100 %	89 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	10.3 cmol kg⁻¹		13.1 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	2.2 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	1 cmol kg⁻¹		8.1 cmol kg⁻¹	2.4 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹		12 cmol kg⁻¹	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	10.3 cmol kg⁻¹	6.3 cmol kg⁻¹		2.2 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	28.7 cmol kg⁻¹	36.5 cmol kg⁻¹	10.3 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0.1 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	8.7 %	15 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0.4 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	2 %		1 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	3 %		1 %	3 %	2 %		1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %		2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263