World Species : Protected Area : ORI VRONTOUS - LAILIAS

ORI VRONTOUS - LAILIAS - EPIMIKES

Location:	Greece
Area:	16,802 acres (6,799 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Balkan mixed forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A						B					C

Share	40 %	20 %	20 %	10 %	5 %	5 %	60 %	15 %	15 %	5 %	5 %	50 %	20 %	10 %	8 %	8 %	2 %	2 %
Soil Type	Calcaric Regosols	Chromic Cambisols	Calcaric Cambisols	Chromic Luvisols	Chromic Luvisols	Chromic Luvisols	Lithic Leptosols	Dystric Regosols	Dystric Cambisols	Humic Cambisols	Umbric Leptosols	Dystric Cambisols	Dystric Regosols	Lithic Leptosols	Haplic Luvisols	Haplic Acrisols	Humic Cambisols	Umbric Leptosols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly
Available Water Capacity	100 m	100 m	100 m	100 m	75 m	100 m	15 mm	15 m	15 m	15 m	15 mm	50 m	15 m	15 mm	50 m	50 m	50 m	15 mm
Phase 1	Stony	Stony	Stony	Stony	Stony	Stony		Lithic	Stony	Stony	Stony	Gravelly	Stony		Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly
Phase 2								Stony	Lithic	Lithic		Stony	Lithic				Stony
Root Obstacle	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm		40 - 60 cm	40 - 60 cm	40 - 60 cm		60 - 80 cm	40 - 60 cm		60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	14 %	10 %	6 %	12 %	4 %	12 %	21 %	19 %	10 %	8 %	10 %	10 %	19 %	21 %	4 %	4 %	8 %	6 %
Sand	44 %	49 %	36 %	48 %	80 %	48 %	73 %	78 %	75 %	41 %	79 %	42 %	78 %	73 %	82 %	81 %	41 %	49 %
Silt	35 %	28 %	43 %	28 %	9 %	28 %	18 %	13 %	15 %	36 %	13 %	38 %	13 %	18 %	8 %	9 %	36 %	31 %
Clay	21 %	23 %	21 %	24 %	11 %	24 %	9 %	9 %	10 %	23 %	8 %	20 %	9 %	9 %	10 %	10 %	23 %	20 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Loamy sand	Loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Sandy loam	Loam	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.58 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.62 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.37 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.27 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.27 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.75 %	0.98 %	0.65 %	0.83 %	0.45 %	0.83 %	1.4 %	0.7 %	0.7 %	2.72 %	2.59 %	1.45 %	0.7 %	1.4 %	0.4 %	0.5 %	2.72 %	2.4 %
PH	8	6.6	8	6.3	6.4	6.3	7.5	5.6	5.1	5.3	4.7	5.1	5.6	7.5	6.5	5.5	5.3	5.1
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	45 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	36 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	85 cmol kg⁻¹	29 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	24 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	29 cmol kg⁻¹	85 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	34 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	17 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	83 %	100 %	88 %	79 %	88 %	86 %	98 %	28 %	25 %	86 %	38 %	98 %	86 %	89 %	72 %	25 %	36 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	26.8 cmol kg⁻¹	11.6 cmol kg⁻¹	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	5.1 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	4.1 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	5.4 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	4.1 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	5.9 cmol kg⁻¹	3.6 cmol kg⁻¹	5.4 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	15 %	0.1 %	7 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	3 %	5 %	1 %	0 %	2 %	3 %	1 %	2 %	3 %	1 %	4 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.2 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	18 %	9 %	10 %	8 %	5 %	8 %		14 %	9 %	6 %		19 %	14 %		6 %	6 %	6 %
Sand	40 %	47 %	34 %	41 %	72 %	41 %		77 %	68 %	44 %		45 %	77 %		75 %	67 %	44 %
Silt	35 %	26 %	43 %	25 %	9 %	25 %		13 %	17 %	32 %		35 %	13 %		8 %	10 %	32 %
Clay	25 %	27 %	23 %	34 %	19 %	34 %		10 %	15 %	24 %		20 %	10 %		17 %	23 %	24 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Clay loam	Sandy loam	Clay loam		Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loam		Loam	Sandy loam		Sandy loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.37 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³		1.58 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³		1.42 g/cm³	1.58 g/cm³		1.5 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.5 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.52 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³		1.5 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.16 g/cm³		1.36 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³		1.57 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.16 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.47 %	0.47 %	0.43 %	0.4 %	0.26 %	0.4 %		0.31 %	0.27 %	1.07 %		0.5 %	0.31 %		0.24 %	0.3 %	1.07 %
PH	8.1	6.7	8.1	6.4	6.6	6.4		5.3	5	5.3		5.2	5.3		6.5	5.2	5.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	52 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹	54 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	36 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹		36 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹		35 cmol kg⁻¹	36 cmol kg⁻¹		53 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	15 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹		4 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹		9 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹		10 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	92 %	100 %	90 %	79 %	90 %		28 %	36 %	30 %		33 %	28 %		88 %	42 %	30 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	36.5 cmol kg⁻¹	11.9 cmol kg⁻¹	28.7 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	6.3 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹		1 cmol kg⁻¹	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹		2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	1 cmol kg⁻¹		8.1 cmol kg⁻¹	2.4 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	15 %	0.1 %	8.7 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0.4 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	1 %		3 %	5 %	2 %		2 %	3 %		1 %	3 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263