Paimionlahti

Location:Finland
Area:546 acres (221 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Dfb (Climate: snow; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Sarmatic mixed forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 A
  
Share50 %30 %10 %10 %
Soil TypeVertic CambisolsHaplic PodzolsEutric GleysolsFibric Histosols
Topsoil TextureFineCoarseFineFine
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm
DrainageModerately wellSomewhat excessiveVery poorVery poor
Available Water Capacity150 m50 m150 m150 m
Phase 1 Stony  
Root ObstacleNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm
Impermeable LayerNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm
Soil Water RegimeWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month
Misc. PropertyVertic (cracks of more than 1 cm wide)   
Topsoil Properties
Gravel2 %3 %1 %1 %
Sand20 %87 %17 %20 %
Silt29 %9 %32 %40 %
Clay51 %4 %51 %40 %
USDA TextureClayLoamy sandClayClay
Reference Bulk Density1.23 g/cm³1.73 g/cm³1.22 g/cm³1.26 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.43 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.25 g/cm³0.1 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.96 %2.18 %1.25 %33.63 %
PH7.34.45.84.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity54 cmol kg⁻¹101 cmol kg⁻¹37 cmol kg⁻¹45 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity36 cmol kg⁻¹9 cmol kg⁻¹25 cmol kg⁻¹77 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation94 %11 %78 %62 %
Total Exchangeable Bases27.4 cmol kg⁻¹2.6 cmol kg⁻¹18.9 cmol kg⁻¹31.4 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0.3 %0 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %1 %2 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel4 %4 %1 %2 %
Sand18 %88 %19 %47 %
Silt29 %8 %29 %26 %
Clay53 %4 %52 %27 %
USDA TextureClaySandClaySandy clay loam
Reference Bulk Density1.22 g/cm³1.74 g/cm³1.23 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.46 g/cm³1.51 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³0.1 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.43 %0.39 %0.45 %32.89 %
PH7.7564.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity61 cmol kg⁻¹66 cmol kg⁻¹40 cmol kg⁻¹71 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity35 cmol kg⁻¹2 cmol kg⁻¹23 cmol kg⁻¹78 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation99 %21 %84 %40 %
Total Exchangeable Bases34.3 cmol kg⁻¹1.5 cmol kg⁻¹17 cmol kg⁻¹27.4 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate4 %0 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium2 %3 %3 %1 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263