Serra de Turp i Mora Condal-Valldan

Location:Spain
Area:9,166 acres (3,709 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 AB
   
Share35 %20 %20 %20 %5 %60 %20 %20 %
Soil TypeLithic LeptosolsCalcaric CambisolsRendzic LeptosolsCalcaric PhaeozemsChromic LuvisolsCalcaric CambisolsChromic LuvisolsLithic Leptosols
Topsoil TextureMediumMediumMediumMediumFineMediumMediumMedium
Reference Depth10 cm100 cm30 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm10 cm
DrainageImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectly
Available Water Capacity15 mm15 m15 mm15 m15 m15 m15 m15 mm
Phase 1StonyLithicStonyLithicLithicStonyStonyStony
Phase 2 Stony StonyStonyLithicLithic 
Root Obstacle 40 - 60 cm 40 - 60 cm40 - 60 cm40 - 60 cm40 - 60 cm 
Impermeable Layer None to 150 cm None to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm 
Soil Water Regime Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month 
Topsoil Properties
Gravel21 %6 %16 %3 %4 %6 %12 %21 %
Sand42 %36 %37 %35 %27 %36 %48 %42 %
Silt34 %43 %44 %43 %27 %43 %28 %34 %
Clay24 %21 %19 %22 %46 %21 %24 %24 %
USDA TextureLoamLoamLoamLoamClayLoamLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.38 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.26 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.3 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³1.46 g/cm³1.37 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.53 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³
Organic Carbon1.61 %0.65 %2.13 %1.37 %1.2 %0.65 %0.83 %1.61 %
PH7.587.57.96.386.37.5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity42 cmol kg⁻¹52 cmol kg⁻¹80 cmol kg⁻¹67 cmol kg⁻¹31 cmol kg⁻¹52 cmol kg⁻¹39 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity16 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹27 cmol kg⁻¹17 cmol kg⁻¹19 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation100 %100 %100 %100 %79 %100 %88 %100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases15.5 cmol kg⁻¹24.3 cmol kg⁻¹28.8 cmol kg⁻¹25.8 cmol kg⁻¹13.4 cmol kg⁻¹24.3 cmol kg⁻¹10 cmol kg⁻¹15.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate3.9 %7 %6 %3.4 %0 %7 %0 %3.9 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium3 %1 %2 %1 %1 %1 %1 %3 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.4 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.2 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.4 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel 10 % 5 %6 %10 %8 % 
Sand 34 % 35 %21 %34 %41 % 
Silt 43 % 44 %25 %43 %25 % 
Clay 23 % 21 %54 %23 %34 % 
USDA Texture Loam LoamClayLoamClay loam 
Reference Bulk Density 1.38 g/cm³ 1.39 g/cm³1.22 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.33 g/cm³ 
Bulk Density 1.45 g/cm³ 1.44 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.45 g/cm³1.51 g/cm³ 
Organic Carbon 0.43 % 0.48 %0.58 %0.43 %0.4 % 
PH 8.1 8.26.48.16.4 
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity 54 cmol kg⁻¹ 71 cmol kg⁻¹33 cmol kg⁻¹54 cmol kg⁻¹41 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity 16 cmol kg⁻¹ 14 cmol kg⁻¹20 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Base Saturation 100 % 100 %83 %100 %90 % 
Total Exchangeable Bases 28.7 cmol kg⁻¹ 22.2 cmol kg⁻¹13.1 cmol kg⁻¹28.7 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Calcium Carbonate 8.7 % 11.4 %0 %8.7 %0 % 
Calcium Sulphate 0.4 % 0 %0 %0.4 %0 % 
Exchangeable Sodium 1 % 2 %1 %1 %1 % 
Electrical Conductivity 0.3 dS m-1 0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.3 dS m-10.1 dS m-1 
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263