World Species : Protected Area : COLONIAS DE CERNICALO PRIMILLA DE FUENTE DE CANTOS

COLONIAS DE CERNICALO PRIMILLA DE FUENTE DE CANTOS

Location:	Spain
Area:	156 acres (63 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Csa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: hot summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A			B

Share	60 %	20 %	20 %	35 %	20 %	15 %	15 %	5 %	5 %
Soil Type	Calcaric Cambisols	Lithic Leptosols	Calcic Luvisols	Eutric Regosols	Eutric Cambisols	Dystric Regosols	Lithic Leptosols	Haplic Luvisols	Haplic Acrisols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse
Reference Depth	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well
Available Water Capacity	50 m	15 mm	50 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	15 mm	150 m	50 m
Phase 1	Petrocalcic		Petrocalcic
Root Obstacle	40 - 60 cm		40 - 60 cm	40 - 60 cm	60 - 80 cm	40 - 60 cm		40 - 60 cm	20 - 40 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm					None to 150 cm	0 - 40 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	6 %	21 %	5 %	25 %	9 %	19 %	21 %	4 %	4 %
Sand	36 %	42 %	53 %	47 %	42 %	42 %	42 %	41 %	81 %
Silt	43 %	34 %	24 %	34 %	36 %	37 %	34 %	37 %	9 %
Clay	21 %	24 %	23 %	19 %	22 %	21 %	24 %	22 %	10 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.39 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.21 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.65 %	1.61 %	0.51 %	0.98 %	1 %	1.39 %	1.61 %	0.74 %	0.5 %
PH	8	7.5	7.7	6.4	6.6	5.1	7.5	6.5	5.5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	52 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	100 %	100 %	78 %	93 %	24 %	100 %	91 %	72 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	17.1 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	3.6 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	7 %	3.9 %	7.4 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	3 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	3 %	1 %	3 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	10 %		10 %	28 %	12 %	26 %		3 %	6 %
Sand	34 %		47 %	51 %	41 %	46 %		37 %	67 %
Silt	43 %		23 %	31 %	34 %	34 %		34 %	10 %
Clay	23 %		30 %	18 %	25 %	20 %		29 %	23 %
USDA Texture	Loam		Sandy clay loam	Loam	Loam	Loam		Clay loam	Sandy clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.38 g/cm³		1.36 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³		1.35 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.45 g/cm³		1.67 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³		1.51 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.43 %		0.3 %	0.4 %	0.37 %	0.6 %		0.36 %	0.3 %
PH	8.1		7.9	6.9	7	4.9		6.7	5.2
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	54 cmol kg⁻¹		50 cmol kg⁻¹	56 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	28 cmol kg⁻¹		50 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	16 cmol kg⁻¹		17 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹		14 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %		100 %	89 %	93 %	21 %		93 %	42 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	28.7 cmol kg⁻¹		23.1 cmol kg⁻¹	10.3 cmol kg⁻¹	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	1.8 cmol kg⁻¹		13.1 cmol kg⁻¹	2.4 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	8.7 %		9.1 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %		0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0.4 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %		2 %	2 %	2 %	1 %		1 %	3 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.3 dS m-1		0.2 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263