World Species : Protected Area : MARISMAS DEL ODIEL

MARISMAS DEL ODIEL

Location:	Spain
Area:	16,387 acres (6,632 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Csa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: hot summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A		B		C

Share	60 %	40 %	70 %	30 %	70 %	20 %	5 %	5 %
Soil Type	Luvic Arenosols	Cambic Arenosols	Calcaric Cambisols	Haplic Solonchaks	Calcaric Cambisols	Calcaric Regosols	Chromic Luvisols	Haplic Solonchaks
Topsoil Texture	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Fine	Fine	Fine	Fine
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Somewhat excessive	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well
Available Water Capacity	100 m	100 m	150 m	150 m	50 m	15 m	50 m	50 m
Phase 1			Saline	Saline	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Saline
Phase 2					Petrocalcic		Petrocalcic	Gravelly
Root Obstacle	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	20 - 40 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	3 %	2 %	6 %	7 %	5 %	48 %	4 %	4 %
Sand	90 %	89 %	36 %	34 %	19 %	22 %	27 %	19 %
Silt	5 %	6 %	43 %	41 %	32 %	36 %	27 %	29 %
Clay	5 %	5 %	21 %	25 %	49 %	42 %	46 %	52 %
USDA Texture	Sand	Sand	Loam	Loam	Clay	Clay	Clay	Clay
Reference Bulk Density	1.71 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.27 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.5 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.39 %	0.5 %	0.65 %	0.46 %	0.87 %	1.83 %	1.2 %	0.54 %
PH	5.8	6	8	7.9	7.8	7.6	6.3	8.9
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	35 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	57 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	3 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	30 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	76 %	99 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	62 %	79 %	100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	2 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	46.6 cmol kg⁻¹	12.9 cmol kg⁻¹	13.4 cmol kg⁻¹	46.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	7 %	9 %	4.9 %	3 %	0 %	3 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	1.8 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0.4 %
Exchangeable Sodium	3 %	2 %	1 %	28 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	43 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	2.1 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	5.9 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	4 %	1 %	10 %	8 %	5 %	33 %	6 %	6 %
Sand	87 %	89 %	34 %	43 %	23 %	21 %	21 %	33 %
Silt	5 %	6 %	43 %	34 %	35 %	36 %	25 %	28 %
Clay	8 %	5 %	23 %	23 %	42 %	43 %	54 %	39 %
USDA Texture	Loamy sand	Sand	Loam	Loam	Clay	Clay	Clay	Clay
Reference Bulk Density	1.63 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³	1.22 g/cm³	1.29 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.5 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.2 %	0.3 %	0.43 %	0.32 %	0.39 %	0.5 %	0.58 %	0.38 %
PH	5.7	5.9	8.1	8	8.1	7.8	6.4	9
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	34 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	54 cmol kg⁻¹	60 cmol kg⁻¹	58 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	33 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	3 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	18 cmol kg⁻¹	26 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	75 %	98 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	55 %	83 %	100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	2.3 cmol kg⁻¹	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹	28.7 cmol kg⁻¹	13.3 cmol kg⁻¹	44.8 cmol kg⁻¹	11.6 cmol kg⁻¹	13.1 cmol kg⁻¹	55.3 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	8.7 %	9 %	11.2 %	3 %	0 %	3 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0.4 %	1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.5 %
Exchangeable Sodium	3 %	3 %	1 %	28 %	2 %	3 %	1 %	42 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	11.3 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	14.8 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263