World Species : Protected Area : Kõrvemaa

Kõrvemaa

Location:	Estonia
Area:	56,277 acres (22,775 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Dfb (Climate: snow; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Sarmatic mixed forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A					B			C			D		E		F

Share	42 %	33 %	10 %	8 %	7 %	45 %	40 %	15 %	80 %	15 %	5 %	80 %	20 %	60 %	40 %
Soil Type	Calcaric Cambisols	Calcic Luvisols	Calcaric Regosols	Gleyic Luvisols	Gleyic Cambisols	Haplic Podzols	Terric Histosols	Gleyic Podzols	Eutric Gleysols	Calcaric Regosols	Terric Histosols	Haplic Podzols	Gleyic Podzols	Terric Histosols	Fibric Histosols	Fibric Histosols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Fine	Fine
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Poor	Poor	Somewhat excessive	Very poor	Poor	Poor	Moderately well	Very poor	Somewhat excessive	Poor	Very poor	Very poor	Very poor
Available Water Capacity	50 m	50 m	50 m	50 m	50 m	15 m	150 m	15 m	75 m	50 m	150 m	100 m	15 m	150 m	150 m	150 m
Phase 1	Petrocalcic	Stony	Petrocalcic	Stony	Petrocalcic	Gravelly		Gravelly	Petrocalcic	Petrocalcic			Gravelly
Phase 2	Stony	Gravelly	Stony	Gravelly	Stony				Stony	Stony
Root Obstacle	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	80 - 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	6 %	5 %	14 %	5 %	4 %	3 %	28 %	2 %	4 %	14 %	28 %	3 %	2 %	28 %	1 %	1 %
Sand	36 %	53 %	44 %	47 %	45 %	87 %	35 %	86 %	37 %	44 %	35 %	87 %	86 %	35 %	20 %	20 %
Silt	43 %	24 %	35 %	29 %	36 %	9 %	33 %	10 %	40 %	35 %	33 %	9 %	10 %	33 %	40 %	40 %
Clay	21 %	23 %	21 %	24 %	19 %	4 %	32 %	4 %	23 %	21 %	32 %	4 %	4 %	32 %	40 %	40 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loamy sand	Clay loam	Loamy sand	Loam	Loam	Clay loam	Loamy sand	Loamy sand	Clay loam	Clay	Clay
Reference Bulk Density	1.39 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	0.28 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	0.28 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	0.28 g/cm³	0.1 g/cm³	0.1 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.65 %	0.51 %	0.75 %	0.83 %	1 %	2.18 %	39.4 %	1.97 %	1.07 %	0.75 %	39.4 %	2.18 %	1.97 %	39.4 %	33.63 %	33.63 %
PH	8	7.7	8	6.3	6.4	4.4	5.6	4.4	6.2	8	5.6	4.4	4.4	5.6	4.3	4.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	52 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	46 cmol kg⁻¹	38 cmol kg⁻¹	101 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	101 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	16 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	87 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	87 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	87 cmol kg⁻¹	77 cmol kg⁻¹	77 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	100 %	100 %	93 %	85 %	11 %	75 %	18 %	88 %	100 %	75 %	11 %	18 %	75 %	62 %	62 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	17.1 cmol kg⁻¹	26.8 cmol kg⁻¹	14.9 cmol kg⁻¹	8.2 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	59.5 cmol kg⁻¹	3.6 cmol kg⁻¹	10.2 cmol kg⁻¹	26.8 cmol kg⁻¹	59.5 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	3.6 cmol kg⁻¹	59.5 cmol kg⁻¹	31.4 cmol kg⁻¹	31.4 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	7 %	7.4 %	15 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	15 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	10 %	10 %	18 %	6 %	18 %	4 %	5 %	3 %	5 %	18 %	5 %	4 %	3 %	5 %	2 %	2 %
Sand	34 %	47 %	40 %	39 %	39 %	88 %	52 %	85 %	36 %	40 %	52 %	88 %	85 %	52 %	47 %	47 %
Silt	43 %	23 %	35 %	27 %	34 %	8 %	23 %	10 %	36 %	35 %	23 %	8 %	10 %	23 %	26 %	26 %
Clay	23 %	30 %	25 %	34 %	27 %	4 %	25 %	5 %	28 %	25 %	25 %	4 %	5 %	25 %	27 %	27 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Sand	Sandy clay loam	Loamy sand	Clay loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Sand	Loamy sand	Sandy clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Sandy clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.38 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.74 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.74 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.45 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.65 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	0.18 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	0.18 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	0.18 g/cm³	0.1 g/cm³	0.1 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.43 %	0.3 %	0.47 %	0.28 %	0.47 %	0.39 %	38.46 %	0.91 %	0.37 %	0.47 %	38.46 %	0.39 %	0.91 %	38.46 %	32.89 %	32.89 %
PH	8.1	7.9	8.1	7	6.7	5	5.8	4.9	6.6	8.1	5.8	5	4.9	5.8	4.6	4.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	54 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹	66 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	66 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	71 cmol kg⁻¹	71 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	16 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	88 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	88 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	88 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	100 %	100 %	99 %	88 %	21 %	96 %	21 %	90 %	100 %	96 %	21 %	21 %	96 %	40 %	40 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	28.7 cmol kg⁻¹	23.1 cmol kg⁻¹	36.5 cmol kg⁻¹	15.9 cmol kg⁻¹	11.3 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	81.8 cmol kg⁻¹	1.7 cmol kg⁻¹	11.9 cmol kg⁻¹	36.5 cmol kg⁻¹	81.8 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	1.7 cmol kg⁻¹	81.8 cmol kg⁻¹	27.4 cmol kg⁻¹	27.4 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	8.7 %	9.1 %	15 %	0.4 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	15 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0.4 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	3 %	1 %	3 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	3 %	3 %	1 %	1 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.3 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263