World Species : Protected Area : Kuke-Kiili

Kuke-Kiili

Location:	Estonia
Area:	2,185 acres (884 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Dfb (Climate: snow; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Sarmatic mixed forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A			B			C

Share	45 %	35 %	20 %	75 %	20 %	5 %	80 %	15 %	5 %
Soil Type	Calcaric Regosols	Eutric Gleysols	Terric Histosols	Eutric Gleysols	Terric Histosols	Calcaric Regosols	Eutric Gleysols	Calcaric Regosols	Terric Histosols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Poor	Very poor	Poor	Very poor	Moderately well	Poor	Moderately well	Very poor
Available Water Capacity	50 m	125 m	150 m	75 m	150 m	50 m	75 m	50 m	150 m
Phase 1	Petrocalcic	Stony		Stony		Petrocalcic	Petrocalcic	Petrocalcic
Phase 2	Stony			Gravelly		Stony	Stony	Stony
Root Obstacle	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	80 - 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	14 %	4 %	28 %	10 %	28 %	14 %	4 %	14 %	28 %
Sand	44 %	37 %	35 %	78 %	35 %	44 %	37 %	44 %	35 %
Silt	35 %	40 %	33 %	13 %	33 %	35 %	40 %	35 %	33 %
Clay	21 %	23 %	32 %	9 %	32 %	21 %	23 %	21 %	32 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Clay loam	Sandy loam	Clay loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.37 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	0.28 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	0.28 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	0.28 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.75 %	1.07 %	39.4 %	0.57 %	39.4 %	0.75 %	1.07 %	0.75 %	39.4 %
PH	8	6.2	5.6	6.3	5.6	8	6.2	8	5.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	45 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	17 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	87 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	87 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	87 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	88 %	75 %	74 %	75 %	100 %	88 %	100 %	75 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	26.8 cmol kg⁻¹	10.2 cmol kg⁻¹	59.5 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	59.5 cmol kg⁻¹	26.8 cmol kg⁻¹	10.2 cmol kg⁻¹	26.8 cmol kg⁻¹	59.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	15 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	15 %	0 %	15 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.2 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	18 %	5 %	5 %	20 %	5 %	18 %	5 %	18 %	5 %
Sand	40 %	36 %	52 %	64 %	52 %	40 %	36 %	40 %	52 %
Silt	35 %	36 %	23 %	13 %	23 %	35 %	36 %	35 %	23 %
Clay	25 %	28 %	25 %	23 %	25 %	25 %	28 %	25 %	25 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Clay loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.37 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.5 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	0.18 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	0.18 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	0.18 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.47 %	0.37 %	38.46 %	0.3 %	38.46 %	0.47 %	0.37 %	0.47 %	38.46 %
PH	8.1	6.6	5.8	6.4	5.8	8.1	6.6	8.1	5.8
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	52 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	38 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	15 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	88 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	88 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	88 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	90 %	96 %	81 %	96 %	100 %	90 %	100 %	96 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	36.5 cmol kg⁻¹	11.9 cmol kg⁻¹	81.8 cmol kg⁻¹	6.9 cmol kg⁻¹	81.8 cmol kg⁻¹	36.5 cmol kg⁻¹	11.9 cmol kg⁻¹	36.5 cmol kg⁻¹	81.8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	15 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	15 %	0 %	15 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	2 %	1 %	3 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263