Vardim Island

Location:Bulgaria
Area:2,886 acres (1,168 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Cfa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: hot summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Balkan mixed forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 AB
   
Share80 %20 %85 %15 %
Soil TypeCalcaric FluvisolsCalcaric FluvisolsCalcic ChernozemsCalcaric Regosols
Topsoil TextureMediumFineMediumMedium
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm
DrainagePoorVery poorModerately wellModerately well
Available Water Capacity150 m150 m150 m150 m
Phase 1 Saline  
Phase 2 Sodic  
Root ObstacleNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm
Impermeable LayerNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm
Soil Water RegimeNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel15 %4 %4 %14 %
Sand34 %14 %28 %44 %
Silt48 %39 %47 %35 %
Clay18 %47 %25 %21 %
USDA TextureLoamClayLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.41 g/cm³1.23 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.39 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.21 g/cm³1.37 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.6 %0.97 %1.65 %0.75 %
PH887.88
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity68 cmol kg⁻¹51 cmol kg⁻¹64 cmol kg⁻¹45 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity14 cmol kg⁻¹28 cmol kg⁻¹23 cmol kg⁻¹17 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation100 %100 %100 %100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases19.8 cmol kg⁻¹22.3 cmol kg⁻¹38 cmol kg⁻¹26.8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate11.7 %13.3 %4.6 %15 %
Calcium Sulphate0.2 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium3 %2 %1 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.7 dS m-11 dS m-10.4 dS m-10.2 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel10 %3 %17 %18 %
Sand36 %15 %28 %40 %
Silt46 %40 %47 %35 %
Clay18 %45 %25 %25 %
USDA TextureLoamClayLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.41 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³1.37 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.41 g/cm³1.46 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.5 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.4 %0.45 %0.78 %0.47 %
PH8.17.98.28.1
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity84 cmol kg⁻¹51 cmol kg⁻¹81 cmol kg⁻¹52 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity13 cmol kg⁻¹21 cmol kg⁻¹24 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation100 %100 %100 %100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases20.7 cmol kg⁻¹20.9 cmol kg⁻¹29.1 cmol kg⁻¹36.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate12.2 %19.2 %13.6 %15 %
Calcium Sulphate0.2 %0.2 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium3 %3 %2 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.5 dS m-11.9 dS m-10.4 dS m-10.3 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263