World Species : Protected Area : Zoniënwoud

Zoniënwoud

Location:	Belgium
Area:	6,823 acres (2,761 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A				B

Share	60 %	20 %	15 %	5 %	80 %	15 %	5 %
Soil Type	Haplic Luvisols	Haplic Podzols	Eutric Cambisols	Stagnic Luvisols	Dystric Podzoluvisols	Dystric Fluvisols	Haplic Podzols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Somewhat excessive	Moderately well	Poor	Moderately well	Poor	Somewhat excessive
Available Water Capacity	150 m	100 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	100 m
Root Obstacle	None to 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	None to 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	80 - 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	4 %	3 %	9 %	4 %	1 %	4 %	3 %
Sand	41 %	87 %	42 %	37 %	31 %	47 %	87 %
Silt	37 %	9 %	36 %	44 %	54 %	33 %	9 %
Clay	22 %	4 %	22 %	19 %	15 %	20 %	4 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loamy sand	Loam	Loam	Silt loam	Loam	Loamy sand
Reference Bulk Density	1.4 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.43 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.74 %	2.18 %	1 %	0.99 %	1.59 %	1.05 %	2.18 %
PH	6.5	4.4	6.6	5.8	5	4.8	4.4
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	47 cmol kg⁻¹	101 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	101 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	13 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	91 %	11 %	93 %	62 %	55 %	36 %	11 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	11 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	8.4 cmol kg⁻¹	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	0 %	2 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	3 %	4 %	12 %	4 %	4 %	8 %	4 %
Sand	37 %	88 %	41 %	31 %	24 %	51 %	88 %
Silt	34 %	8 %	34 %	38 %	50 %	29 %	8 %
Clay	29 %	4 %	25 %	31 %	26 %	20 %	4 %
USDA Texture	Clay loam	Sand	Loam	Clay loam	Silt loam	Loam	Sand
Reference Bulk Density	1.35 g/cm³	1.74 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.34 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.74 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.51 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.61 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.36 %	0.39 %	0.37 %	0.29 %	0.2 %	0.41 %	0.39 %
PH	6.7	5	7	5.9	5.3	4.9	5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	50 cmol kg⁻¹	66 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	67 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	66 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	14 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	93 %	21 %	93 %	83 %	59 %	29 %	21 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	13.1 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	10.2 cmol kg⁻¹	4.9 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	3 %	2 %	1 %	0 %	2 %	3 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263