Vihualpenia is a genus of moths in the Gracillariidae family. It contains only one species, Vihualpenia lithraeophaga, which is found in southern central Chile. The length of the forewings is 1-1.1 mm . The forewings are brown-silver, the apical area dark cooper-ferruginous with a white semicircular band and a white mark. The hindwings are uniform grey-silver. The larvae feed on Lithraea caustica. They mine the leaves of their host plant. Young larvae create a serpentine mine. Older larvae create a patch shape mine. The larvae have a white to light brown body and a light brown head.