Nanotragulus is an extinct genus belonging to the family Hypertragulidae, within the order Artiodactyla, endemic to North America, Europe, and Asia during the Eocene through Miocene, living 46.2–13.6 Ma, existing for approximately 32.6 million years. Nanotragulus was a primitive and ancient ruminant, resembling small deer or musk deer, although more closely related to the modern chevrotain. Its diet is stated to be that of a frugivore.