Branchinella is a crustacean genus in the family Thamnocephalidae. This fairy shrimp genus is found across many parts of the world, but especially western Australia and southern Africa. Several species are threatened by habitat destruction, and B. latzi might be extinct. The latter species was formerly found in waterholes at Uluru, but these have become polluted with urine and faeces of hikers, and the shrimp was absent in a recent survey.