Melanotaenia affinis (North New Guinea rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia ajamaruensis (Ajamaru lakes rainbowfish) (Critically Endangered)
Melanotaenia albimarginata (Whitetip rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia ammeri
Melanotaenia angfa (Yakati rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia archboldi
Melanotaenia arfakensis (Arfak rainbowfish) (Endangered)
Melanotaenia arguni (Arguni Rainbowfish) (Endangered)
Melanotaenia aruensis (Aru rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia australis (Westralian sunfish)
Melanotaenia batanta (Batanta rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia boesemani (Boeseman's rainbowfish) (Endangered)
Melanotaenia bowmani (Bowman’s Rainbowfish) (Critically Endangered)
Melanotaenia caerulea (Blue rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia catherinae (Waigeo rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia corona (Corona rainbowfish) (Critically Endangered)
Melanotaenia duboulayi (Crimsonspotted rainbowfish) (Attributes)
Melanotaenia dumasi
Melanotaenia eachamensis (Lake Eacham rainbowfish) (Endangered)
Melanotaenia ericrobertsi
Melanotaenia etnaensis
Melanotaenia exquisita (Exquisite rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia fasinensis (Fasin Rainbowfish) (Endangered)
Melanotaenia flavipinnis
Melanotaenia fluviatilis (Australian rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia fredericki (Sorong rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia garylangei (Lange’s Rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia goldiei (Goldie River rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia gracilis (Slender rainbowfish) (Endangered)
Melanotaenia grunwaldi (Grunwald’s Rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia herbertaxelrodi (Lake Tebera rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia irianjaya (Irian Jaya rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia iris (Strickland rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia japenensis (Yapen rainbowfish) (Endangered)
Melanotaenia kamaka (Kamaka rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia klasioensis (Klasio Rainbowfish) (Critically Endangered)
Melanotaenia kokasensis (Kokas Rainbowfish) (Critically Endangered)
Melanotaenia kolaensis (Kola rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia lacunosa (Mbuta Rainbowfish) (Critically Endangered)
Melanotaenia lacustris (Lake Kutubu rainbowfish) (Endangered)
Melanotaenia lakamora (Lakamora rainbowfish) (Endangered)
Melanotaenia laticlavia (Aifuf Rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia longispina (Longspined Rainbowfish) (Critically Endangered)
Melanotaenia maccullochi (Dwarf rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia maculata
Melanotaenia mairasi (Lake Furnusu Rainbowfish) (Critically Endangered)
Melanotaenia mamahensis (Mamah Rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia manibuii (Manibui’s Rainbowfish) (Endangered)
Melanotaenia maylandi (Mayland's rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia misoolensis (Misool rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia monticola (Mountain rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia mubiensis (Mubi rainbowfish) (Endangered)
Melanotaenia multiradiata (Moswaren Rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia naramasae (Naramasa Rainbowfish) (Endangered)
Melanotaenia neglecta
Melanotaenia nigrans (Australian redtailed rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia novaeguineae (New Guinea Rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia ogilbyi (Ogilby's rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia oktediensis (Oktedi rainbowfish) (Critically Endangered)
Melanotaenia papuae (Papua rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia parkinsoni (Parkinson's rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia parva (Lake Kuromai rainbowfish) (Critically Endangered)
Melanotaenia patoti (Patotis rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia picta (Painted rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia pierucciae (Pierucci's rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia pimaensis (Pima River rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia praecox (Dwarf rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia pygmaea (Pygmy rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia rubripinnis (Red-finned rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia rubrivittata
Melanotaenia rubrostriata (Red-striped rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia rumberponensis
Melanotaenia sahulensis
Melanotaenia salawati
Melanotaenia sembrae (Sembra Rainbowfish) (Endangered)
Melanotaenia senckenbergianus (Senckenberg rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia sexlineata (Six-lined rainbowfish) (Endangered)
Melanotaenia sikuensis (Siku Rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia sneideri (Kumawa Rainbowfish) (Critically Endangered)
Melanotaenia solata (Northern Rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia sp. nov. 'Darwin' <Unverified Name>
Melanotaenia sp. nov. 'Malanda' <Unverified Name> (Critically Endangered)
Melanotaenia sp. nov. 'Running River' <Unverified Name> (Critically Endangered)
Melanotaenia splendida (Australian rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia susii (Susi Rainbowfish) (Critically Endangered)
Melanotaenia sylvatica (Forest Rainbowfish) (Endangered)
Melanotaenia synergos (Batanta Blue Rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia trifasciata (Banded rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia urisa (Urisa Rainbowfish) (Critically Endangered)
Melanotaenia utcheensis (Utchee rainbowfish) (Endangered)
Melanotaenia vanheurni (Van Heurn's rainbowfish)
Melanotaenia veoliae (Veolia Rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia wanoma (Wanoma Rainbowfish) (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia wilsoni (Vulnerable)
Melanotaenia wokamensis (Wokam rainbowfish)