Pithecoctenium, monkey's-comb, is a Bignoniaceae genus of some 20 species of climbing shrubs occurring in the Caribbean and Tropical South America from Brazil to Mexico. Leaves are opposite with 3 entire and stalked leaflets, the terminal leaflet sometimes being modified into a tendril. The genus has distinctive prickly capsules. The white or violet flowers are in simple racemes, sometimes branched. The genus is closely related to Bignonia and Anemopaegma. Pithecoctenium translates to 'monkey comb'.